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C. E. TODD'S 

SCARBROUGH GUIDE : 

COMPRISING 

i HISTORY OF THE TOWN, 

AND ITS 

BLIC BUILDINGS, 

NOTICES OF THE VILLAGES, 

AND 

SEATS OF THE NOBILITY, 
AND GENTRY; 

EMBRACING 

Descriptive accounts of paintings and antiquities, 

8fc. 8fc. 

" Scarbrough's fair town like Latin BAI^E seems ; 
Her cliffs, her bay, her salutary streams, 
Her gay resort of an illustrious throng, 
Resemble BALE, famed in classic song." 

Seventh Edition. 

SCARBROUGH : 

PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY CHRISTOPHER ROBERT TODD. 

1841. 



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A 

SKETCH 

OF THE 

HISTORY OF SCARBROUGH, 



" Here earth and sea, 
Mingling their charms majestically rude, 
With pleasing wonder strike the pensive eye, 
Of contemplation, and exalt the mind." 



Foster. 



Scarbrough is situated in the recess of a 
beautiful bay, on the borders of the German 
Ocean, in a position nearly central between 
Flamborough-Head and Whitby. This part of 
the coast, almost forty miles in extent, is bold, 
varied, and rocky, with many points of con- 
siderable elevation. The line is undulating, 
indented with sandy bays formed by the action 
of the sea, where the land is of loose texture. 

B 



4 S GARB ROUGH". 

The town rises from the shore in the form of 
an amphitheatre, and has a romantic appear- 
ance on the concave slope of its semicircular 
bay.. It is laved at the foot by the waves, and 
much admired for its varied beauties. 

There is no authentic account in histe r 
the foundation of Scarb rough, though it 1 iay 
reasonably be presumed that it had as early an 
origin as most of the places bordering on tl e 
German Ocean; and notwithstanding the or *.- 
sion of its name in Doomsday-book, we have 
historical proof of its exi stance previously to 
the Norman Conquest. The building of the 
Castle by William, Earl of Albermarle, in the 
year 1136, is the first evidence of its emerg 
from its previous state of obscurity. The grant 
of a Charter of Incorporation of Henry II., in 
the year 1 181, is a convincing proof that it must 
then have been a place of some importance. 

The following account of the ancient town 
of Scarbrough, is extracted from the Itinerary 
of Leland ; — 



SCARBROUGH. 5 

* f Scardeburg Toune though it be privilegid, 
yet it semith to be yn Pickering Lithe, for the 
Castelle of Scardeburgh is countid of the juris- 
diction of Pickering, and the shore from Scarde- 
burgh to the very point of Philaw-B ridge * by 
the Se about vj miles from Scardeburgh toward 
I Jington is of Pickering Lith jurisdiction. 
ScWdeburgh where it is not defendid by the 
Warth and the Se is waulled a little with ston, 
but most with ditches and walls of yerth. In 
the 1 toune to entre by land be but two gates : 
Newburgh Gate, meatley good, and Aldeburgh 
^ate, very base. The Toune, stondith holef on 
a slaty clife ; and shoith very fair to the Se side. 
Ther is but one Paroche Chirchi in the Town, 
of our Lady, joyning almost to the Castelle : it 
is very faire and isled on the sides and cross 
isled, and hath 3 auncient Towres for belles 
with Py ram ides on them : whereof 2 To u res be 
at the west end of the Chirch, and one in the 
middle of the cross isle. There is a great chap- 
pelle by side by the Newborow Gate." 



* Filey-Bridge. f Wholly. J St. Mary's 



6 SCARBROUGH. 

The town of Scarb rough was anciently con- 
fined within narrow limits. Some of the founda- 
tions of its ancient walls are yet remaining, and 
may be traced with sufficient accuracy ; from 
which it is evident, that the Old Town did not 
extend westward beyond the situation of the 
present Market-cross. 




THE CASTLE. 



" Thou hast seen Mount Atlas : 
Whilst storms and tempests thunder on its brow, 
And oceans break their billows at its feet, 
It stands unmov'd and glories in its height." 



This Castle was built in the reign of King 
Stephen, about the year 1136, by William le 
Gros, Earl of Albermarle and Holderness, a 
nobleman of Norman extraction, who, having 



8 SCARBROUGH. 

extensive demesnes in this part of Yorkshire 

and in Holderness, obtained permission of the 
King to erect a fortress upon the sea-coast. 

Ancient historians have been liberal in their 
praises of this Castle. William of Newbury, a 
Monkish historian, who wrote about A. D. 1 190, 
has given the following description of it : — 

"A rock of wonderful height and bignesse, 
and inaccessible by reason of steepe cragges al- 
most on every side, stands into the sea, which 
quite surrounds it, but in one place, where a 
narrow slip of land gives access to it on the 
west. It has on the top, a pleasant plain, grassy 
and spacious, of about sixty acres or upwards* 

* The present area of the Ca;tle-yanl 
19 acres 5 perches. There is, therefore, probably some 
mistake in Newburgh's description. The ancient accounts 
of acres are generally very imperfect. 

Young and Bird, in their u Geological Survey o( the 
Yorkshire Coast," are also of opinion that there is a mi>take 
in Newburgh's account, and that this lofty promontory 
" has not undergone any material change during the last 
six centuries." 



SCARB-ROUGm 9 

and a little well of fresh water springing from a 
rock in it. In the very entry, which puts one 
to some pains to get up, stands a stately tower ; 
and beneath the entry, the city begins, spread- 
ing its two sides south and north, and carrying 
its front westward, where it is fortified with a 
wall : but on the east is fenced by that rock,, 
where the Castle stands ; and, lastly, on both 
sides by the sea. William, surnamed le Gros, 
Karl of Albermarle and Holderness, observing 
this place to be fitly situated for building a 
Castle on r increased the natural strength of it 
by a very costly work, having inclosed all the 
plain upon the rock with a wall, and built a 
Tower in the entrance. But this being decayed 
and fallen by the weight of too much age, King 
Henry II. commanded a great and brave Castle 
to be built upon the same spot. For he had 
now reduced the Nobility of England, who 
during the loose reign of King Stephen had 
impared the revenues of the crown ; but especi- 
ally this William of Albermarle, who lorded it 
over all these parts, and kept this place as his 
own." 



10 SCARBROUGH. 

The promontory on which the ruins of the 
ancient Castle are situated, is bounded on three 
sides by the German ocean, and elevated more 
than three hundred feet above the level of the 
sea, presenting to the north, the east, and the 
south, a vast sweep of craggy perpendicular 
rocks, totaly inaccessible.* 

Within the castle walls rises a stately tower, 
majestic even in ruin. This tower which has 
been the Keep, is a square Norman building, 
ninety feet high, and has formerly had an em- 
battled parapet. The walls are about twelve feet 



* The following extract of a letter to the compiler, will 
show in what estimation this modem Baice is held by 
strangers : "Scarborough is exactly suited to one who loves 
to look back into the splendour of former times, and who 
enjoys the sports of nature; there is a fine field in the 
romantic cliffs of that much frequented bathing-place. I 
never enjoyed myself so much as when rambling amongst 
the dangerous paths on the hill next to the sea, whereon is 
situated the Castle (by-the-by this reminds me, that if you 
could procure for me a half-crown of Charles I., struck at 
Scarborough, I should be glad to have it)." 



SCARBROUGH, 11 

thick, cased with squared stones ; and the mortar 
having been mixed, according to the custom of 
the ancients, in a fluid state, has become more 
durable than even the stone of the building. 
There appears to have been three stories or very- 
lofty rooms, one over another, each room between 
twenty or thirty feet high, and ten yards square 
within the walls, with recesses. The remains of 
n very large fire-place are visible in the lower 
apartment The subterraneous room, ordungeon 
is nearly filled up with stones and earth. The 
different stories have been vaulted, and divided 
by strong arches; and private passages are visible 
in some of the intervals of the casing of the walls. 
The windows have semicircular arches, support- 
ed by round pillars, and are larger than usual 
in such buildings, being six feet deep and three 
feet broad. 

In the reign of Edward II., the Castle was 
taken by the barons. The King, who was with 
bis favourite Gaveston, at Newcastle, when he 
heard the discontented nobles were on their 



}2 SCARBROUGH. 

march against him, lodged him here, as in an 
assured place of safety, while he proceeded him- 
self to raise a force at Warwick. It proved 
insufficient, however, to protect the royal minion 
from the irritated nohles, whom they soon after- 
ward beheaded on Gavesley-heath. 

In the reign of Queen Mary, "Sir. Thomas 
Stafford, son of Lord Stafford, obtained pos- 
session of Searbrough Castle by the following 
stratagem - 

Having previously arranged his plan of tak- 
ing the Castle by surprise, he disguised bis troop 
an the habit of peasants and countrymen., and 
came to Searbrough on a market-day, under the 
most unsuspicious appearances, lie gained an 
easy admittance into the Castle, and strolled 
about with a careless air, apparently to gratify 
•his curiosity. About 30 of his men also entered 
without the least suspicion, and embracil 
favourable opportunity, instantly secured the 
different centinels, took possession of the gate, 
and admitted their remaining companions, who, 
under the exterior garb of countrymen, had con- 



SCARBKOUGHV IS 

erealed arms. But the triumph of Mr. Stafford 
was of transient duration, and the success of his 
enterprize was eventually the cause of his death. 
He had retained the possession only three days, 
when the Earl of Westmoreland, with a consid- 
erable force recovered it without loss. — Mr. 
Stafford, Capt. Saunders, and three others of 
the leaders, were taken prisoners, conducted to 
London, and confined in the Tower. They were 
afterward arraigned, condemned, and executed. 
The phrase, "A Scarbrough ivaming; a word 
and a blow, but the blow first]' derives its origin: 
from this circumstance. 

During the civil wars, it was twice taken by 
the parliamentary forces; in 1645, by Sir John 
Meld rum and Sir Matthew Boynton ; and in 
1648, by Colonel Belhell. 

In 1666, it appears that Scarborough Castle 
was fully garrisoned, when Sir John Crossland 
was governor, and that many prisoners of state 
were about that time confined within its walls. 
Among these was George Fox, the celebarated 
quaker. 



14 SCARBROUGH. 

The devastations of time, and the above two 
formidable sieges, had reduced the Castle to 
little better than a mass of ruins, in which con- 
dition it continued till the rebellion of 1745, 
when government gave it a temporary repair, 
with the view of preventing a surprise. 

In turning from the mouldering remains of 
antiquity, the eye is relieved, and the mind ex- 
hilarated by the charms of the surrounding pro- 
spect. The diversified scenes of the adjacent 
country; the romantic appearance of the town ; 
the sands enlivened by various objects, and the 
unbounded view of the ocean, form collectively 
an assemblage beautiful beyond conception. 

" What does not fade ? The tower that long hath stood 
The crush of thunder and the warring winds, 
Shook by the slow but sure destroyer Time, 
Now hangs in doubtful ruins o'er its base ; 
And flinty pyramids, and wall of brass 

Descend the Babylonian spires are sunk ; 

Achaia, Rome, and Egypt moulder down.— 

Time shakes the sable tyranny of thrones, 

And tottering empires crush by their own weight : 



SCARBROUGH. 15 

This huge rotundity we tread, grows old ; 
And all those worlds that roll around the sun ; , 
The sun itself shall die ; and ancient night 
Again involve the desolate abvss." 

The following observations were made by ai 
Geologist, while viewing the scenery from the 
Castle-yard- 

Few situations on the eastern shores of Eng- 
land enjoy so fine a prospect of grand and 
beautiful nature as Scarbrough. From the Cas- 
tle hill, which stands lofty and alone, a variety 
of noble objects present themselves on every 
side; high and shadowy moorelands on the 
north, bold hills with abrupt faces to the west, 
and rocky cliffs stretching southward as far as 
the eye can reach, all combine in one grand 
panorama. Perhaps the most striking feature 
is the range of chalk hills which sweep round 
from Wilton Beacon, skirt the south side of the 
vale of Pickering to the sea near Speeton, and 
running thence to Flamborough, majestically 
breast the tempestuous ocean. 

Scarbrough presents to those fond of sketch- 



16 SCARBROUGH. 

ing, an imposing object in its Castle, which is- 
worthy of the exercise of the pencil of the disci- 
ple of a Wouvermanns or a Murant. 



CONVENTS, CHURCHES, CHAPELS, 6cc. 

There were formerly here four Convents, 
four Churches, and two hospitals ; viz.. Convent 
of the Cistercians, of the Franciscan or Grey 
Friars, of the Dominican or Black Friars, and of 
the Carmelite or white Friars. The Church of 
St. Nicholas, St. Thomas the Martyr, with the 
two Hospitals, their appendages, of the same 
name, and the Churches of the Holy Sepulchre,, 
and St. Mary.* 



* The ancient view of the town of Scarbrough, in the 
reign of Richard III., from a drawing in the British MusueHt 
lately published, shows the situation of these Convents. 



Tl 




ii 



THE CHURCH OF ST. MARY. 



The gazing seamen here entranced stands. 

Whilst fair unfolding from her concave slope, 

He Scarbrough views. The sandy pediment. 

First gently raised above the watery plain, 

Embraces wide the waves ; the lower domes 

Next lift their heads ; then swiftly roof o'er roof„ 

With many a weary step, the streets arise 

Testudinous, till half o'ercome the cliff, 

A swelling fabric dear to heaven aspires, 

Majestic even in ruin. 

Foster. 



18 SCARBORUGH. 

The ancient church of St. Mary is most pictures- 
quely situated upon a considerable eminence, 
near to tlie Castle, but does not display any marks 
of fine or elaborate -architecture ; however, its 
grey and irregular appearance, its supposed for- 
mer use as the church of the monastery, the 
tower-like ruins at its eastern-end, in conjunction 
with its elevated situation, the church-yard 
crowded with tombs, and the view of the sea 
and the sands obtained thencQ, all conspire to 
Tender it one of the most interesting situations. 

The following description of this ancient 
-edifice is extracted from Hinderwells History — 

" This sacred building, venerable for its 
^antiquity, has much the appearance of a con- 
ventual Church, and was formerly a very 
spacious and magnificent edifice, considerably 
surpassing its present extent. The ruins, yet 
standing, at the eastern part of the church-yard, 
the dismembered appearance of the western end 
of the Church, the subterraneous arches extend- 
ing to the west, and the great quantity of 



SCARBROUGH. 19 

Foundation stones discovered in the new burial 
ground contiguous to it, are sufficient proofs 
that it is, in the present state, only a small part 
of a vast edifice, which may have formed the 
Cistercian Abbey and the Church, founded by 
Edward II., and surpressed in the reign of 
Henry V* 

It appears by Leland's 'Itinerary? that previ- 
ously to the Reformation, it was a very noble 
building, adorned with three handsome towers \ 
two of which were at the western end, and one 
was over the centre of the transept. There was 
also a grand arch of gothic architecture in the 
Choir, the ruins of which were visible a few years 
ago, but have since been taken down. The 
centre, or transept tower, having been greatly 
shaken during the siege of the Castle in 1644, 
fell in October, 1659, and considerably injured 
a great part of the nave of the Church. The pre- 
sent steeple, which now singularly stands at the 
eastern end, was erected upon the ruins, and 
occupies the place of the ancient transept tower, 
The southern part of the building attached to 



20 SCARBROUGH* 

the nave seems to have, in some degree, escaped 
the injury sustained by the other parts ; as some 
of the remains of the chantries are still visible 
under the arches adjoining the south aisle. 
These arches are three in number, and have 
formed the separate chantries, which where 
founded by our ancestors, as places of prayer 
for the souls of the deceased. 

During the siege of Scarbrough Castle, by 
Sir John Meldrum, a lodgment was made by his 
troops in this then extensive church. Its lofty 
towers, within a very small distance from the 
castle-gate, enabled them greatly to annoy the 
defenders : they drew several pieces of artillery 
into the church by night, formed a masqued 
battery, and at length opened their fire upon 
the castle, through the church windows ; those 
especially, which were on the east side and 
choir. The besieged returned their fire in so 
hot and well-directed a manner, as soon obliged 
the enemy to abandon their post, but the build- 
ing suffered much injury. 



SCARBROUGH. 21 

The desolation which this venerable edifice 
sustained, during the siege of the Castle, and by 
the subsequent fall of the transept tower, re- 
duced it to a state of ruin ; and the inhabitants 
had suffered such a variety of misfortunes by a 
succession of calamitous events, that they were 
under the necessity of having recourse to a 
Brief, in the 12th Charles II. (1660) to enable 
'them to re-build it, 

By the assistance of this Brief, and other 
contributions, part of the body of St. Mary's 
Church, and the tower, as it now stands, were 
rebuilt in 1669, on the foundation and ruins of 
the old fabric. 

Public worship is performed here twice on 
the Sunday, commencing in the morning at 
half-past ten, and in the afternoon at a quarter 
past three. Two sermons are delivered on the 
Sunday, and one on Wednesday, There are 
prayers on Tuesday and Friday mornings at a 
quarter-past eleven. Divine service is also per- 
formed on every Saints day, every day in 



22 SCARBROUGH. 

Passion week, and every state holiday. The 

communion is administered monthly. By an 

early attendance, seats may easily be obtained 

on application to the pew-door openers. 

Vicar.— The Rev. M. H. Miller, M. A. 

r . f The Rev. J. Blair, B. A. 
states.. | The Rev R p Wallei% B A 



CHRIST CHURCH 

Was erected by subscription of the Corporation, 
Inhabitants, and others, aided by a liberal sum 
from the Parliamentary Grant. The amount 
subscribed at Scarbrough was nearly £3000. 

The first stone of this sacred edifice was laid 
the 26th of October, 1826, by the then Vicar, the 
Rev. John Kirk, M. A. ; and the ceremony of 
consecration took place on the 23rd of August, 
1828. The style of architecture is early English. 

The interior dimensions of the church are 88 
feet long, and 50 feet wide in the square ; the 
height of the nave or centre ceiling, is 40 feet ,; 



8CARBROUGH. 23 

the tower is 16 feet square within, and the total 
height from the ground to the top of the pin- 
nacles, is 11G feet. — The accommodation is cal- 
culated for 1200 persons ; one half in pews and 
the remainder in free seats, including an upper 
gallery at the west end for Charity Children. 
The east window, partly of stained glass, con- 
sists of five narrow lancets, having the King's 
arms in the centre, surrounded by those of the 
Archbishop of York, and Sir J. V. B. Johnstone, 
Bart, with the arms of the Borough of Scarbro'. 

Sir J. V. B. Johnstone very liberally gave 
the stone for the erection of the Church, from a 
quarry near Hackness. 

The Rev. Robert Howard, M. A., is the 
present Incumbent. 

Divine service is performed here twice on a 
Sunday, morning and evening ; the former- com- 
mencing at a quarter before eleven, and the 
latter at seven. And on Friday Evening at 
Seven. 



24 SCARBROUGH. 

THE INDEPENDENT CHAPEL; OR, OLD 
MEETING-HOUSE 

was first erected in the year 1703, whereof the 
Rev, William Hannay became minister, and 
continued until the year 1725. He was suc- 
ceeded by the Rev. William Whitaker, who re* 
gulaiiy officiated until the year 1773, when, 
through age and infirmities, he was under the 
necessity of declining the ministry. At that 
period, the Rev. Samuel Bottomley was invited 
to succeed him, the congregation then consisting 
of about thirty stated hearers, and the commu- 
nicants of about half that number. The novelty, 
zeal, or ability of the preacher, greatly increased 
the congregation ; so that, in the year 1774, it 
was found necessary to rebuild and enlarge the 
place of worship, since which period a farther 
extension has taken place in the chapel. The 
venerable Pastor* last mentioned finished his 
career of mortality with great composure, at the 
age of eighty years, February the 13th, 1831 ; 

* Vide Cole's Biographical Account of the Rev. Samuel 
Bpttomley, 



SCARBROUGH. 25 

and has been succeeded by the Rev. G. B. Kidd, 
his assistant in the ministry, for three years 
previously. 

Public worship is performed as follows : on 
Sunday morning at half-past ten, sermon ; at 
half-past two in the afternoon, sermon ; and at 
seven o'clock in the evening, sermon. On 
Thursday, at seven in the evening, sermon. The 
communion is administered once in two months. 

BAPTISTS' CHAPEL. 

A Chapel for the Baptists was first built 
here in the year 1776, and the Rev. William 
Hague was the first minister, and may indeed 
be called the founder of the Baptists in Scar- 
brough, as there were none of that denomination 
in this place previous to his first ministry, 
which was in the year 1776, in a room near the 
sands. Mr. Hague died October 22nd, 1831, in 
his ninety-fifth year, after having been forty- 
eight years pastor, 

A new Chapel for the Baptists has been lately 



26 SCARBROUGH. 

erected on the site of the old building, but 
on a larger scale, the former having been found 
too small for the congregation ; particularly 
in the summer season. The foundation stone 
of the present edifice was laid by the Rev. W. 
Steadman, D. D., Theological Tutor of Bradford 
College, November 4th, 1826, and it was first 
opened for religious services, August 10th, 1827< 
The dimensions are 64 feet by 53. It will com- 
fortably seat upwards of nine hundred persons. 
The Rev. B. Evans is the present minister. 
The religious services are as follow : On Sun- 
day, seven o'clock morning prayers; hall 
ten forenoon, sermon ; three o'clock afternoon, 
prayers; half-past six evening, sermon. Mon- 
day, seven o'clock evening, prayers. Wednes- 
day, seven o'clock in the evening, sermon. 
Friday, seven o'clock in the evening, pra; 
The communion is administered monthly. 

WESLEYAN METHODIST CHAPEL. 

The Wesleyan Methodists have a very large 
Chapel in Church-Street. The Methodists first 
assembled at Scarbrough, in the year A&7 



SCARBROUGH. 27 

Their times of meeting are as follow : Sunday, 
seven o'clock morning, prayers ; half-past ten 
forenoon, sermon ; three afternoon, sermon ; six 
o'clock evening, sermon. Monday, seven o'clock 
evening, sermon, Wednesday, seven o'clock 
evening, prayers. Thursday, seven o'clock 
evening, sermon. Friday, seven o'clock even- 
ing, prayers. 

THE FRIENDS , CHAPEL. 

is situated in St. Sepulchre-Street. The Quakers 
date their establishment here from the time of 
the imprisonment of George Fox, their founder, 
in Scarbrough Castle. Their times of meeting 
are as follow : Sunday, ten o'clock in the fore- 
noon ; and six o'clock in the evening. Wednes- 
day, ten in the forenoon. 

THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHAPEL 

is situated in Awborough street ; it was erected 
in the year 1809, and opened for public wor- 
ship in the same year, by the Rev. William 
Coghlan, it will contain four hundred persons. 
The meetings for devotional exercise, are, Sun- 

E 



28 SCARBROUGH. 

day -morning, Mass at half-past ten; Vespers 
at six. Wednesday and Friday, half-past eight 
morning. The present minister is the Rev. John 
Walker. 



THE PRIMITIVE METHODISTS' CHAPEL 

stands in St. Sepulchre street, was first opened 
for religious services, on the 2oth November, 
1821, and rebuilt and enlarged in the year 1839. 
Their services are as follow : Sunday, seven 
o'clock morning, prayers; half-past ten fore- 
noon, sermon ; two o'clock afternoon, sermon ; 
six o'clock evening, sermon. Monday, seven 
o'clock evening, prayers. Wednesday, seven 
o'clock evening, prayers. Friday, seven o'clock 
evening, sermon. 

THE TABERNACLE 

was erected in the year 1838 ; it is situate in 
Batty Place, Dumple street. The times of 
meeting are as follow : Sunday, seven o'clock, 
prayers; half-past ten, sermon; half-past two, 
afternoon, sermon ; six, evening, sermon. Wed- 



i 



SCARBROUGH. 29 

nesday, seven evening, sermon. Monday and 
Friday, seven evening, prayers, 

THE BETHEL, 

principally for seamen, is at the Old Town-Hall. 
Their times of meeting are as follow : Tuesday, 
seven o'clock in the evening, sermon. Saturday, 
seven o'clock in the evening, prayers. 

Few towns in the kingdom are better pro- 
vided than Scarbrough, with room in the places 
of worship. It has been calculated that in the 
very best disposition of the inhabitants of any 
locality, not more than half of the whole popu- 
lation can usually be present at public worship, 
at one time; the numbers of the infirm and 
sick, and of young children, with the nearly 
equal numbers of persons detained from worship 
by attendance on these classes, being so great 
as to constitute a very large majority of the 
remainder. The population of the whole parish 
of Scarbrough, (including Falsgrave, and a 
rural district,) as stated in the census of 1831, 



30 SCARBROUGH. 

was 8760. It is now, doubtless, more than 9000. 
Whereas there is sitting room in the different 
places of worship in the town, for 7,270; or 
2,770 more than the half, The list of these is 
as follows: — 

St. Mary's Church 1500 

Christ Church 1200 

Wesleyan Chapel 1100 

Ebenezer {or Baptist) Chapel ». 950 

Old Meeting, House or Independent 

Chapel 600 

Tabernacle, Batty Place 600 

Friends' Meeting House. 500 

Primitive Methodist Chapel 600 

Roman Catholic Chapel • 400 



7,450 



The zeal of the inhabitants, however, is not 
yet expended ; and projects have for some time 
been before the public for adding to the existing 
provision, near 1,600 sittings, in the following 
manner. 



SCARBROUGH. 31 

An Episcopalian Chapel in East- 
Sand-Gate 600 or 700 

A Wesleyan Chapel in Queen St,, 

larger than the present by .... 800 or 900 



1400 to 1600 



When these intentions shall have been ex- 
ecuted, (which are intended to be, in the present 
summer, viz. 1840,) the sittings for adults in the 
places of worship will exceed the whole num- 
ber of inhabitants, infants included. This 
statement may show how ample is the provision 
for the accommodation of visiters. 



CHARITABLE INSTITUTIONS. 

The establishment of Charitable Institutions 
have been laudably encouraged ; and it is hoped, 
that such as are calculated for the improvement 
of the morals of the rising generation will ever 
flourish. 



32 SCARBROUGH. 

THE AMICABLE SOCIETY, 

consisting of more than 325 Members, for 
clothing and educating the children of the Poor 
of Scarborough, is a very useful institution. It 
was founded in the year 1729, by the late 
Robert North, Esq., a gentleman of exemplary 
piety and benevolence, and is under the govern- 
ment of a President, four Trustees, and four 
Wardens, annually elected. The fund for its 
annual support arises from weekly subscriptions 
of the Members, collections made in the 
churches,* and other voluntary donations. 

The children thus clothed, and now in the 
schools, are seventy-six. 

Experience has proved the utility of this 
establishment, in preserving the children from 
the contagion of vicious examples, and leading 
them into the paths of holiness and social duty. 
Instead of becoming victims of profligacy, and 

* Charity Sermons are preached in the summer, for the 
benefit of the Children. 



SCARBROUGH. 33 

pests to the community, many of them have 
filled useful occupations in life with credit and 
advantage. Several, by means of the rudiments 
of their education at this seminary, have attained 
a competent knowledge of Navigation, which 
has qualified them for mates and commanders 
of vessels. These have, eventually, become the 
patrons of the institution, and benefactors to 
succeeding generations. Others have fought the 
naval battles of their country, and by their 
bravery, contributed to its security and inde- 
pendence. Whether, therefore, it be considered 
in a moral or in a political light, it deserves a 
generous patronage. 

LANCASTERIAN SCHOOLS. 

This institution has been promoted by a vol- 
untary subscription of the inhabitants ; and in 
a field to the north of the rope-walk leading to 
the church, a school room has been built, in 
1810, which will contain upwards of four hun- 
dred children. It is under the direction of a 
committee, annually elected, who are assiduous- 
ly attentive to the advancement of the institu- 



34 SCARBROUGH. 

tion. The present number of children in these 
schools is three hundred. 



INFANT SCHOOL. 

One of these important institutions, was for- 
med in Scarbrough, about 1827, under a com- 
mittee of management of ladies and gentlemen. 
The school is situated in St. Sepulchre street. 
The present number of children is one hundred 
and forty. 

NATIONAL SCHOOLS. 

The Girl's School was erected in the year 
1835, and the Boy's School in the year 1837. 
The latter has been endowed with £300 by the 
Right Honourable Lord Feversham ; and the 
interest thereof is applied in aid of the Masters 
Salary. They are situate near the Amicable 
Society's Schools, and the present number of 
children educated in these schools is about 170. 

THE SEAMEN'S HOSPITAL 
was erected in the year 1752, by the Ship- 



SCARBROUGH. 35 

Owners of Scarbrough, for the use of aged and 
decayed seamen, their widows, and children. 
It is a neat, commodious building, in an airy 
situation, to the north of the town. The fund 
for its maintenance, arises from the contribution 
of six-pence per month, paid by the owner of 
every ship belonging to the port of Scarbrough, 
for each person on board, during the time the 
Ship is at sea, or in actual service. It is under 
the direction of a President and Trustees, an- 
nually elected, and is subordinate to the Trinity- 
House, Deptford-Strond. 

SEA-BATHING INFIRMARY. 

To the establishment of a general Sea-bathing 
Infirmary at Margate in 1796, for the use of the 
diseased poor, we may refer the institution of a 
similarly praiseworthy institution at Scarbro' 
in the year 1811. 

The Baths have been established in the low- 
er part of the town in order both to remove un- 
pleasing objects from the public eye, and to 



36 SCARBROUGH. 

consult economy as well in the purchase of the 
site, as in the procuring of water from the sea. 
The advantages which have already accrued 
to the institution, fully justify the anticipations 
of its most sanguine supporters, and place it on 
a level with the most useful of public charities. 

Subscriptions are received at the Bank of 
Messrs. Woodall & Co., Scarbrough, or by their 
Correspondents (Messrs. Denison, and Co.,) in 
London, and in the principal towns in the 
County. 

N.B. — Subscription-Books are left at the 
Public Rooms ; and it is hoped, that the Nobili- 
ty and Gentry visiting Scarbrough will not think 
it too much to give half-a-crown each to this 
useful institution. 



A HUMANE SOCIETY 

for the recovery of persons in a state of suspend- 
ed animation, has been lately formed at Scar- 
brough. 




A LIFE BOAT 

upon Mr. Greathead's plan, was built here in 
1821, and has been instrumental in saving much 
property and many lives. It is supported by 
voluntary donations. 

CORPORATION, &c. , 

The Ancient Corporation of Scarbrougfi 
consisted of two Bailiffs, two Coroners, four 
Chamberlains, and thirty-six Common Council. 
Its charter was dated 22nd November, 1356. 30tr± 
Edward III, besides others of an earlier date- 



38 SCARBROUGH. 

The election of Representatives to serve in 
Parliament for the Borough was vested exclu- 
sively in the Corporation, by a decision of the 
House of Commons ; an account of the grounds 
of which determination may be seen in Hinder- 
well's History of Scarbrough. 

In consequence of the Municipal Reform 
Bill, passed in the year 1835, Scarbrough, in 
common with all other corporate towns, has 
since that period been governed by a Mayor, 
(annually chosen,) Six Aldermen, and Eighteen 
Councillors, periodically elected. The Election 
of Representatives to serve in Parliament for the 
Borough, is now vested in the £10 house- 
holders. 

The Arms of the Borough bear the marks of 
great antiquity. A Ship of the rudest form, a 
Watch-tower, and a Star appear on the Com- 
mon Seal. Its registry in the Herald's Office is 
without date, and it is there classed among the 
most ancient. The Magistrates Seal of Office 
is a Ship only, of a very antique form, with two 



SCARBROUGH. 39 

towers on the deck, and a smaller one at the top 
of the mast. 

TRADE. 

Scarbrough, though in possession of a con- 
venient port, has a restricted commerce. The 
vicinity of sterile moors, and a neighbouring 
district far from populous, without any water 
communication or rail-road with the interior 
country, present formidable impediments to 
the spirit of enterprize. Shipping, and its de- 
pendencies, are the principal branches in which 
the inhabitants are most generally interested. 
Ship-building forms an important object of 
employment, and is a great source of emolument ; 
but it is precarious, and subject to fluctuations. 

The only manufacturies in the place are 
those immediately connected with shipping. 
There are two of cordage. The markets are 
twice in the week, viz. on Thursday and Saturday. 
They are abundantly supplied with excellent 
provisions of every kind. 

The commerce of the port is principally con- 



40 SCARBROUGH. 

fined to exports of corn, butter in firkins, hams, 
bacon, and salt-fish ; and imports of coals from 
Newcastle, Sunderland, Hartlepool, and Mid- 
dlesbro'; timber, deal, flax, and iron from the 
Baltic ; brandy from France ; geneva from Hol- 
land ; wine from Portugal, via Hull ; groceries 
and rum from London. 

The population of Scarbrough, according 
to the last census, is 8760. 



PLACES CONDUCIVE TO HEALTH, 
INSTRUCTION & AMUSEMENT. 




SCARBROUGH CLIFF BRIDGE. 

Sweet interchange 
Of hill and valley, rivers, woods and plains, 
Now land, now sea, and shores with forests crown'd. 

MILTON. 



42 SCARBROUGH. 

The continually increasing importance of the 
town of Scarbrough, as a place of fashionable 
resort, particularly in the bathing season, is well 
known to most persons resident in the northern 
counties in this kingdom. 

The preference thus given, rendered it de- 
sirable that every proper means should be 
adopted for the purpose of adding to the at- 
traction, which this most delightful town and 
coast afford to those who, either for health or 
pleasure visit the sea- side. , 

Amongst other things, the visitors to Scar- 
brough have frequently been known to express 
an anxious wish that some plan should be de- 
vised, by which the access from the cliff to the 
spa, could be rendered more easy and agree- 
able to those who desire to take that route : and 
indeed it may be said, that many invalids have 
been obliged to avoid the road to the spa by 
the cliff, in consequence of the descent and 
ascent between them. 

This want, so well understood by the visitors, 



SCARBROUGH. 43 

has given rise to the gigantic effort to level the 
ponderous masses of cliff-land between the ter- 
race and the spa, to form a promenade, 24 
feet wide; which operation commenced late in 
the year 1826, and on the 29th of November the 
first stone of the new Bridge, was laid by E. H. 
Hebden, Esq., senior Bailiff of Scarbrough. 

From this Bridge, which is of iron, supported 
by strong massive stone pillars, the view is beyond 
description grand — the beautiful and the sub- 
lime are so effectively blended in one point, and 
so pleasingly separated in another, that we con- 
ceive a more interesting scene can be no where 
exhibited. 

On the 19th of July, 1827, being the anni- 
versary of the coronation of his Majesty, King 
George the IV, the Bridge was opened. 

DIMENSIONS OF THE BRIDGE. 

Length of the southern abutment, 64 feet; of 
the 4 iron arches, 284; of the northern abutment 
66 feet; total length 414 feet. 



44 SCARBROUGH. 

Width of the southern end, 17§ feet; of the 
iron work, in the central part, 13J feet ; of the 
north end, 24 feet. 

Height of the Bridge from the surface of the 
water on the eastern side of the surface of the 
railway, 70 feet ; of the palisades, 5 feet ; total 
height, 75 feet; height above high water, at 
ordinary spring tides, 80 feet. 

Span of each iron arch, in the clear, 65 feet ; 
rise of each in the centre, 8 feet. 

The iron work was cast by Messrs. Hird, 
Dawson, and Field, of the Low Moor Iron-works. 

The Masonry was built by Messrs. Stead, 
Snowden, and Buckley of York, 

Length of the promenade, 350 yards. 
Average width, 9 yards. 
Widest parts, 1 1 yards. 

Engineer, Mr. Outhett. 



SCARBROUGH. 45 

The original estimate of this great undertak- 
ing was £4,500, raised by subscriptions, in 450 
shares of £10 each. Yet, from an extension of 
the original plan, &c, the expense was upwards 
of £8,000. The late Corporation of Scarbrough 
acquitted themselves towards the company with 
the greatest liberality — for, with a view to aid 
its objects, they not only permitted the terrace 
to be formed on their land, but granted to it a 
long lease, (at a nominal rent) of "The Spa 
Wells," with the houses, platforms, &c, adjoin- 
ing. 

There is no improvement at Scarbrough so 
useful and attractive as the Cliff-Bridge and its 
appendages, the Promenade, Spa-terrace, Sa- 
loon, and ornamental grounds. The exclusion of 
improper classes, — the extent and variety of the 
walks, — the prospects which have scarcely a 
parallel, — and the animating scene of beauty 
and fashion on every side, conspire to form a 
picture of the most delightful interest ; and in 
the evenings, the charm is heightened, by the 
powerful aid of Music. 




THE OLD SPA. 



This building was erected in the year 1739, 
and on the evening of the 17th February, 1836, 
during a heavy gale and an extraordinary high 
tide, the staith was nearly washed away. Since 
which time, the present substantial SeaAVall and 
the Saloon have been built. The new Building 
is of stone, in the castellated gothic style, 
from a design furnished by one of our worthy 
representatives in Parliament, Major Gen. Sir 



SCARBROUGH. 47 

F. W. Trench. Mr. Henry Wyatt of London was 
the Architect, and Mr. John Barry of Scarbro' the 
Builder. — The Saloon wss opened on the 16th 
August, 1839, by a public procession of Share- 
holders and others, who assembled at the Town- 
Hall, at one o'clock, and proceeded from thence, 
headed by a band of music, over the Bridge and 
Walks to the Saloon ; when the company con- 
sisting of about 170 Ladies and Gentlemen, sat 
down to a sumptuous breakfast, at half-past one, 
and the festivities concluded with a ball in the 
evening. 

The Terms of Admission to the Bridge, New 
Terrace, Walks and Pleasure Grounds, Pro- 
menade Gallery, Spa, and the use of the 
Mineral Waters, are now connected with the 
toll of the bridge, and are as follow . — 

For One Day. £ s. d. 

Ticket for. each individual, without 

distinction 6 

For One Week. 
Ticket for each Person, not being a 

servant 2 6 

Ditto for a servant I 6 



48 SCARBROUGH. 

For Fourteen Days. 

£ s. cl. 
Ticket for each Person, not being a 

servant 4 

Ditto for a servant 2 

THtto admitting any number of the 
same family constantly on the es- 
tablishment, including nurses in 
attendance on children, (but all 

other servants excepted,) 

A Family Ticket 15 

For One Month. 
Ticket for each Person, not being a 

servant 6 

Ditto for a servant 3 

A Family Ticket as above described ..110 

For the Season. 
Ticket for each Person, not being a 

servant 10 6 

Ditto for a servant 5 

A Family Ticket as above described 111 6 



SCARBROUGH. 49 

£ S. (L 

Individuals having or hiring a bath- 
chair drawn by a servant, or a sedan 
chair carried by chairmen, to pay 
for each day, in addition to any of 
foregoing terms „ 1 

And no bath chair or sedan chair can be al- 
lowed to pass along the Bridge, except in pro- 
ceeding to or from the walks or the Spa, nor 
can the party using them continue to exercise 
on the bridge only, or the chair to remain 
stationary thereon. 

The Tickets are not transferrable. No 
gratuity to be paid to any of the Bridge or 
Spa attendants. 

On Tickets for the season or year only, a re- 
duction of one third of the price is allowed to 
Proprietors holding seven shares and upwards, 
viz. on one, two, or three single Tickets, or on 
one Family Ticket. And to Shareholders hold- 
ing a number less than seven, an allowance of 
one shilling and sixpence per share on a Family 



50 SCARBROUGH. 

Ticket ; and sixpence per share on each Ticket 
for an individual ; but no reduction to any pro- 
prietor for a shorter period. 

Tickets for which a reduction in price may 
be claimed shall be for such shares only as are 
bona fide registered on the books of the Bridge 
Company, in the name of the party claiming. 

Visiters and others taking Tickets, are par- 
ticularly requested to observe the date upon 
which the same will expire ; and they must then 
either have them renewed, or be subject to the 
same rules, &c, as if never possessed of a Ticket. 
They are also requested to produce them when- 
ever required to do so, by the collector. 

Tickets may be obtained on application at the 
Bridge, or to Mr. John Gillott, the Secretary, at 
the Post-Office. 



THE MINERAL WATERS, 

The first cistern for collecting the waters was 
built in the year 1698. 



SCARBROUGH, 51 

The mineral waters have supported their 
fame upwards of two centuries. Dr. Wittie writes 
that the discovery of their virtues was owing 
to the following accidental circumstance : — 

" Mrs. Farrer, an intelligent lady, who lived 
at Scarbrough about the year 1620, sometimes 
walked along the shore; and observing the 
stones over which the water passed to have re- 
ceived a russet colour, and finding it to have an 
acid taste, different to the common springs, and 
to receive a purple tincture from galls, thought 
it probably might have a medical property ; and 
haying therefore made an experiment herself, 
and persuaded others to do the same, it was 
found to be efficacious in some complaints, and 
became the usual physic of the inhabitants. It 
was afterwards in great reputation with the 
citizens of York, and the gentry of the county ; 
and at length was so generally recommended, 
that several persons of quality came from a 
great distance to drink it; preferring it before 
all the other they had formerly frequented, even 
the Italian, French, and German Spas."* 

* Dr. Wittie on Scarbrough waters. 

H 



:§2 ^CARBHOXJGH, 

In the month of December, 1737, the staith 
of the Spa, composed of a large body of stone 
%oand by timber, as a defence against the sea, 
for the security of the Spa-house, in a most 
extraordinary manner gave way. A great mass 
of the cliff, containing near an acre of pasture- 
land, with the cattle grazing upon it, sunk per- 
pendicularly several yards. As the ground 
sunk, the earth or sand under the cliff rose on 
the north and south sides of the staith, out of 
its natural position, above 100 yards in length ; 
and was in some places six, and in others seven 
yards above its former level. The Spa-wells 
ascended with the earth or sand ; but so soon 
as the latter began to rise, the water ceased 
running into the wells, and for a time seemed 
to be lost 

The ground thus risen was 26 yards broad ; 
and the staith, notwithstanding its immense 
weight, (computed at 2463 tons,) rose entire 12 
feet higher than its former position, and was 
forced forward to the sea about 20 yards. 



SeARBRCHJ&fr. OS 

The springs of the mineral waters were r by 
diligent search, afterwards recovered ;. and the 
staith being repaired, the Spaw continued in 
great reputation- 

The celebrated Dicky Dickinson, an origi- 
nal character, was at the above period the 
Governor of the Spa. His person was, m the 
highest degree, deformed ; but he possessed an 
uncommon brilliancy of wit, and considerable 
ingenuity. The annexed lines were composed 
in honour of the vivacity of his talents := — 

Samos unenvied boasts her Jisop gone,. 
And France may glory in her late Scarron,. 
While England has a living Dickinson. 

The following analysis of the waters by the 
late Dr. Belcombe, formerlya resident Physician 
in Scarbrough, was made in 1796. 

The north-well is the chalybeate water; and 
not far from it, is the salt or south well. From 
both wells the water is perfectly clear, of & 
bluish cast, sometimes sparkling; has not & 



54 SCARBROUGH. 

disagreeable taste, or the least unpleasant smelL 
Although the north well has been called the 
chalybeate, it is found not to hold much more iron 
in solution than the other ; but containing much 
less vitrolated magnesia, its taste is stronger, or 
more inky. The taste of the north well water is 
brisk and not disagreeably saline. When suf- 
fered to stand in an open vessel exposed to the 
sun, or in a warm room, the sides of the vessel 
are soon covered with air-bubbles, and the water 
becomes somewhat turbid ; in a day or two, it 
deposits a little yellow or orange-coloured 
sediment. The water then grows clear again ; 
and if suffered to stand lightly covered for some 
weeks, a thin skin or pellicle forms upon the 
surface, and under it a number of beautiful 
crystals, which on the least motion fall to the 
bottom. Phenomena nearly similar may be 
observed in the north-well water, except that 
few or no crystals form by this spontaneous 
evaporation. It is said that the water from 
both wells, on being kept for some time corked, 
will become foetid; and, on being again expos- 
ed to the air, will recover its former pur 



SCARBROUGB. 55 

Much of the orange-coloured sediment is ob- 
served in all the channels near the Spa ; and it 
sometimes comes down the pipes, which con- 
duct the water, in considerable quantities : this 
is called the coming down of the mineral. It is 
chiefly carbonate of iron and carbonate of lime* 
The temperature of these springs varies very lit- 
tle ; which is considered as a proof that they 
rise at a considerable depth in the earth. The 
thermometer generally stands at 45 deg. in the 
north well water, when it is at 32 deg. (or freez- 
ing,) in the open air. In the south well water, 
it is commonly half a degree higher. I have 
seldom seen it more than 49 deg. or 49 deg. 5 
min. even in summer. The specific gravity of 
the south-well water is 10038,06; of the north 
well water, 10033,23; of sea water, 10270,54; 
distilled water being considered at 1000. 

From remote ages mineral waters have been 
considered as very efficacious medicines in al- 
most all those diseases which have not yielded 
to the use of other remedies, and not unfre- 
quently as instances of God's peculiar goodnesa 



£6 SCARBROUGff. 

to his creatures; consequently, their effects 
have been miraculous. So prone is human 
nature to superstition, and so apt to attribute 
to the partial interposition of the Deity the 
effects of general laws which its finite reason 
does not comprehend! Scepticism commonly 
succeeds superstition ; and, accordingly, it is 
now the mode with some physicians to regard 
mineral waters as remedies of little value. 

The surprising advance which Chemistry 
has made within a very few years, by enabling 
men to ascertain with accuracy the contents of 
mineral waters, has (it is truej also enabled 
them to judge more correctly of their probable 
effects, and consequently rendered them less* 
liable than formerly to imposition from suppos- 
ed cures, which may have been the effects of 
other unnoticed circumstances ; but until they 
can explain more satisfactorily than at present 
the way in which medicines act, they ought not 
to descry the valuable effects which experience 
informs us are frequently produced by small 
quantities of mineral substances diffused through 



'S'CARBROUGH, 57 

large portions of pure water. Chemistry has, 
also, enabled them to imitate the mineral waters 
with considerable success; but it has been found 
extremely difficult to make the waters as agree- 
able and pure as at the fountain. 

The general effects of the south-well water, 
when drank in sufficient quantity, is to act gent- 
ly on the bowels and kidneys, and sometimes 
on both, but without harassing or fatiguing ; 
on the contrary, it strengthens and exhilarates. 
It is serviceable in debility and relaxations of the 
stomachy in nervous disorders, scurvy, struma or 
swelled glands, chlorosis, and particularly weak- 
ness. I have found it very useful in a variety 
of chronic complaints, attended by habitual cos- 
tiveness. These complaints are often accom- 
panied by some degree of jaundice, or are fre- 
quently subsequent to it, to a sedentary life, to 
long continued and painful affections of the mind, 
to long and tedious illness, to agues, to residence 
in hot climates, and sometimes to intemperance* 
In such cases, I have known a small glass of 
this water, repeated every day for some time 



58 S€ARBROUGH. 

produce the most desired and permanent effect; 
<3ven when very powerful medicines have not 
been found to answer, or only to afford temporary 
relief. Most commonly, however, two three, or 
even four half-pints, taken at proper intervals, 
and repeated daily, are required ; although no 
very great constipation may have preceded. 

Some diseases of the stomach, as 1 have al- 
ready observed, are much relieved by this water, 
others are increased by its use; especially all 
those proceeding from long continued intem- 
perance ; but the sickness arising from occasion- 
al excess is often wonderfully relieved by a glass 
or two of this water. It sometimes affords relief 
in the gravel, as well as in several pains of the 
loins, whose seat seems to be in the kidneys, 
although they are generally called rheumatic. 
Disorders commonly comprehended under the 
appellation of scurvy, as pimples, red face, erup- 
tions, in various parts of the body ; roughness of 
the skin, or scurf, &c, are often cured by a long 
continued use of the south-well water. Some 
remarkable instances of this kind haye come 



SCARBROUGH. 59 

to my knowledge, both of the inhabitants of the 
town, and of strangers. In these disorders as 
much water should be drank daily, at proper 
intervals, as will produce some sensible effect 
upon the bowels ; sometimes a single glass, 
even of the smallest size, will be sufficient ; but 
when three or four half-pints are not found to 
answer, it is better to add a little Scarbrough 
or Epsom salt, or drink a glass of sea-water, 
than to increase the quantity. 

The Chalybeate, or north-well water, has 
little or no opening property. It braces, and 
generally passes off by urine. Hence it is pre- 
ferable, in most complaints in which the bowels 
will not bear the south-well water. In all cases 
of general weakness and relaxation, its virtues 
are acknowledged ; and I observe that the 
water-servers generally recommend it to the deli- 
cate of their own sex, and I believe with good 
success. This water is however apt to heat, and 
sometimes sits heavy. This may be prevented 
by the means hereafter mentioned, or by taking 
a glass of the south-well water at the same time. 



60 SCA.RBROUGH. 

The north-well water is peculiarly useful in 
a variety of nervous cases, particularly those con- 
sequent to confinement, dissipation, and a town- 
life, where the bowels require gentle assistance. It 
is, likewise, serviceable in those very numerous 
cases which occur to females at that time of life 
when the growth seems disproportionate to the 
strength. This complaint is mostly distinguish- 
ed by a pale complexion, depraved appetite, weari- 
ness and pains in the limbs, palpitations, &c. 

To reap any material advantage, these waters 
must be drank at the fountain : for as their vir- 
tues in some measure depend upon an elastic 
fluid or gas, which quickly escapes from the 
water, they must necessarily lose some of their 
properties by being transported to any distance. 
This circumstance, although of importance, is 
not much attended to, except by a few who have 
already experienced the advantage of it. The 
custom, therefore, of sending for the water to the 
lodging-houses ought as much as possible to be 
avoided ; more particularly as some exercise 
should be taken between each glass, to assist its 
effect. 



SCARBROUGH. 61 

In all cases, where the patient is able, walk- 
ing is preferable to every other exercise ; next 
riding on horseback ; and last of all, in the car- 
riage. The best time for drinking the waters is 
before breakfast; but some persons cannot bear 
the coolness of these waters fasting ; in which 
case they may conveniently be drank about two 
hours after breakfast. When they sit heavy, 
or when the stomach is delicate, they are some- 
times drank a little warm. By this practice their 
virtues are diminished. The addition of a tea- 
spoonful of brandy, tincture of cardamoms, or 
ether, &c. is preferable. The dose cannot be 
ascertained but by trial. 



Those who bathe and drink the water the 
same day, generally bathe first. And this 
seems a proper precaution, particularly for 
such as are delicate, who ought indeed rather to 
bathe and djrink the waters on alternate days. 
Those who are robust will sometimes drink the 
waters on the same day, both before and after 
bathing. Every year, however, gives some in- 
stance, that both bathing and drinking the waters 



62 SCARBROUGH 

may be practised incautiously; often in diseases 
in which they are improper." 

A Treatise and Analysis on these Mineral 
Springs were published in the year 1833, by 
William Alexander, Esq., resident Physician, 
copies of which may be had of any of the Book- 
sellers. 

In Dr. Granville's recent work on the ll Spas 
of England," the very distinguished character of 
these waters, and the varied attractions of Scar- 
brough, hold a pre-eminent place. 

In the year 1839, the Cliff Bridge Company 
passed a resolution that the Scarbrough Mineral 
Waters should be forthwith analysed by a prac- 
tical Chemist of the highest authority; Dr. 
Murray, Dr. Travis, and Mr. Dunn, Surgeon, 
were appointed a Committee to see the same 
carried into effect: this Committee conferred 
with Drs. Granville and Faraday, and on their 
recommendation, the analysis was performed 
by Richard Phillips, Esq., F. R. S. L. & E. &c. 
&c., of which the following is a copy ; — 



SCARBROUGH. 63 

THE CONTENTS OF A GALLON ARE AS FOLLOW : — 

NORTH SOUTH 

SPRING. SPRING. 

Azotic Gas... ..♦ .. 6-3 cubic inches 7*5 

Chloride of Sodium (Common Salt).. 26-64 grains 29-63 

Crystallized Sulphate of Magnesia . . 142-68 „ 225-33 

Crystallized Sulphate of Lime 104-00 „ 110-78 

Bicarbonate of Lime . 48-26 „ 47*80 

Bicarbonate of Protoxide of Iron.... 1-84 ,, 1-81 



Total Contents 323-42 „ 415-35 

Specific gravity of the Water 1-0035 „ 1-0045 

Temperature 49° with very little variation. 

The late William Hutton, F. S. A., in his 
" Tour to Scarbrough" notices the great benefits 
which the drinking of these waters and bathing 
effected upon his daughter, in the following 
words :— - 

" My daughter's complaint was a nervous 
asthma of some standing, from taking cold. We 
visited Scarbrough as the last resort. She 
stayed eleven weeks, rode on horseback every 
day, bathed every secondhand drank the waters 
three times each day. 

About four weeks elapsed before any change 



£4 SCARBROUGH. 

was apparent, when her breathing, activity, and 
strength, began gradually to return, and nature 
seemed approaching towards her former tone; 
and, though not perfect, I have hopes that it 
will tend to preserve that life which 1 value 
■ more than my own." 



THE MUSEUM. 

Among .the numerous interesting objects 
with which this place abounds, the Museum 
now stands most prominent and attractive. It 
is situated to the south of the bridge, on an as- 
cending piece of ground, and is seen from the 
sands rising -majestically above that beautiful 
erection. 

The Museum is a rotunda of the Roman 
Doric order, 37 feet 6 inches in external diame- 
ter, and 50 feet high. The basement contains 
pro tempore, the library, keeper's room, and 
laboratory. When sufficient funds are obtained 
it is proposed, to place these accessaries in 
wings radiating from the central building, which 
will then be solely used as a Museum. The 



SCMiBROUGH. 65 

principal room is 35 feet high, and is lighted by 
a central eye or opening. The beautiful Hack- 
ness stone, the munificent gift of Sir J.V. B. John- 
stone, Bart., has been employed in this building 
The fossils, which are very numerous, are ar- 
ranged on sloping shelves, ih the order of their 
strata, — shewing at one view, the whole series of 
the kingdom. A horizontal shelf below sustains 
the generic arrangement of fossil shells. 
Among the collection of fossils, which is one of 
the most perfect in England, are two admirable 
collections of local specimens, one purchased of 
Mr Williamson, and the other presented to the 
Society by the late Mr. Duesbery, being the valu- 
able collection of his relative Mr. Hinderwell. 
The birds and animals are placed above the geo- 
logical arrangement; so that every part of the 
Museum can be seen at once. The whole ex- 
pense of the building, fitting up, &c, was £1400. 
A donation of £25 constitutes a proprietor's 
share, which is transferable at all times by will 
or sale, and confers a perpetual right of admis- 
sion to the family of the owner. A donation of 
£5 confers the same perpetual right to the 
families of strangers. The terms of admission 



66 SCARBOROUGH. 

are given below; and the receipts from this 
source go to pay the keeper, Mr. Williamson, 
who is always there to explain the geology of 
the district. 

The building has been erected from designs 
by Mr. R. H. Sharp, Architect, of York; on 
whom it reflects much credit. 

TERMS :— 

s. d: 

A single admission . • 1 

Ditto to a Child, under 14 years of age . . 6 

Admission for a month for each person . . 2 6 

Ditto for the season 5 

Admission for a month to a whole family.. 5 

Ditto for a quarter of a year for a family... 10 6 

The Members of this Institution have no 
view to private emolument, but are only desir- 
ous of providing for the instruction and amuse- 
ment of the casual visiter and themselves, by 
collecting and arranging in a systematic form, 
the great variety of interesting specimens, with 
which the district abounds. For the furtherance 



SCARBROUGH. 67 

-of these objects, they most respectfully venture 
to appeal to the liberality of the public, without 
whose assistance individual exertions would 
be ineffectual. 

Donations and Specimens will be thankfully 
received and registered at the Museum ; where 
also, Tickets of admission may be had : — those 
for the families either of subscribers or casual 
visiters, to include servants ; but if more than 
one family lodge in the same house, the pay- 
ment of each to be independent of the other. 

As a means of amusement and instruction 
for the stranger, and as a guide to the natural 
history of a coast replete with objects of the 
highest interest, it may be proper to observe, 
that it appears so effectually to have answered 
the purpose, that the collection has been visited 
duriug the last season, by no fewer than 1500 
persons. 

THE MUSEUM OF W. BEAN, ESQ. 

The private Museum of Mr. Bean, compris- 
ing decidedly the best collection of British Shells 



68 SCARBROUGH. 

in the kingdom, is politely thrown open for pub- 
lic inspection, about six days, at indefinite 
periods, during the season, when all strangers 
are kindly admitted on being properly intro- 
duced. On these occasions the drawers of every 
cabinet are openly displayed in the various 
apartments of the house of the proprietor; so 
that the whole suite of rooms, is, on these oc- 
casions, appropriated to the purposes of a Mu- 
seum. The Geological specimens are equally 
valuable, and have been long celebrated. Mr. 
Bean's collection of Corallines is choice; and 
by the novel manner in which they are display- 
ed, being a style quite different from any we 
have hitherto witnessed, an increased effect is 
given to their minute beauties ; and the whole 
collection is truly worthy of the taste of the 
possessor, and shews his penetration in subjects 
connected with Natural History to distinguish- 
ed advantage, 

THE THEATRE, 

situated in Tanner Street, has been lately newly 
painted and tastefully embellished, and pre- 



SCARBROUGH. 69 

sents a coup tfoeil at once chaste and effective. 
Its boards have been graced by some of the 
the most popular of the London Performers. 
The late Mr. Stephen Kemble possessed the 
Theatre for a series of years, and occasionally 
performed some of his most celebrated charac- 
ters, in which he was most ably supported by 
the talents of his wife, formerly the celebrated 
Miss Satchell, of Drury Lane.* It usually 
opens about the middle of July, and closes in 
October. W. R. Beverly, Esq., is the present 
Lessee. The prices of admission are: Boxes, 3s.; 
Pit, 2s.; and Gallery, Is. There is one fashion- 
able night in the course of the week . 

THE TOWN-HALL 

is a commodious building in Long Room Street, 
where the sessions are held, and all business 
connected with the town transacted. In one of 
the Committee-rooms is a fine portrait, by J. 
Jackson, R. A., of Mr. Bartholomew Johnson, of 

* In the Poems of the pastoral poet, Cunningham, 
appears a Prologue, spoken at Scarbroughj where, the 
author then figured on the Stage. 



70 SCARBROUGH 

Scarboro', a highly respected musical character,, 
who completed his 100th year, on the 3rd Octo- 
ber, 1810. This event, so highly interesting to 
all who knew him, was celebrated by a Jubilee 
dinner, and musical performance, at the Free- 
masons' Hall in Scarbrough. Several poetical 
compositions, from the classical pens of the Rev. 
Francis Wrangham, Thomas Hinderwell, Esq., 
&c, were sung and recited with great ap- 
plause."^ 



TRAVIS'S BATHS ON THE CLIFF. 

This establishment was originally opened in: 
1798 ; since which time, it has undergone sever- 
al improvements; in 1822 it was rebuilt, and 
the interior fitted up with every attention to 
comfort and elegance. The Baths are in- 
Wood or Marble, and are varied as to form, 
being adapted either for plunging, or for the 
erect or horizontal position. They admit of 
every variety of temperature, and are supplied 
every tide with the purest sea-water. Here 

* For a full account of this Jubilee, see " The Gentle- 
man's Magazine," vol. 80. 



SCARBROUGH. 7T 

Mewise are Shower-baths, and the Douche 
on an improved principle, affording every de- 
gree of force and temperature. A room is also^ 
fitted up for Steam Baths ; and no expense- 
has been spared to render the establishment 
equal to any in the kingdom. 



HARLANDS BATHS. 

These Baths are delightfully situated in the 
New Road, at the bottom of Vernon Place, com^ 
bining in that situation as much as possible, 
privacy with convenience, together with the 
advantage of receiving with facility, a constant 
supply of the purest Sea- Water, from the 
southern shore. The interior of the baths is 
constructed on a plan entirely new, the rooms 
are elegantly fitted up, and the apparatus on the 
most philosophical principles. One of the Baths 
has been constructed for bathing in the erect or 
sitting position, for those who are not able to 
bear the horizontal. 

There has also lately been erected' an elegant 
building contiguous to the original edifice,, con- 



72 SCARBROUGH. 

taining a plunge Bath, of size sufficient to ad- 
mit of all the advantages of Sea-bathing; intend- 
ed chiefly for those who, from delicacy of con- 
stitution or other causes, are prevented from 
bathing in the open sea. Also, an additional 
Shower-bath upon an improved principle, by 
which the height, force, rapid succession, or 
number of showers, may be readily adapted to 
each particular case In the fitting-up of these 
Baths no expense has been spared either with 
regard to ornament or utility. 

WARM AND SHOWER BATHS, NEAR 
THE PIER, SCARBROUGH. 

These baths possess exclusive advantages; 
they are supplied with water of the purest qual- 
ity, pumped immediately from the Sea, at a situa- 
tion remote from the drains and other impurities 
of the town; and advantage is constantly taken 
of flowing tides to obtain it of the greatest 
possible strength and efficacy. 

CHAMPLEY'S BATHS 

are centrally situated between the Cliff and 



SCARBROUGH. 73 

Crescent, constructed on a plan entirely new, in 
which privacy and elegance are combined, and 
on a scale of magnitude hitherto unattempted 
in Scarbrough. 

One suite of rooms is appropriated for the use 
of Ladies, and another for that of Gentlemen. 
Orders received at the Baths, and by J. Cham- 
pley. Chemist, &c, at his shop, No. 71, opposite 
the New Inn, Newbrough Street. 



VICKERMAN'S BATHS 

are near the Marine Houses, and are replete 
with convenience for warm bathing. 



THE TOWN NEWS-ROOM & LIBRARY 

are situated on the verge of the Cliff, at the 
south end of King-Street. Strangers, as well as 
residents, have access to the news-room ; the 
subscription for the season being 10s. 6d. The 
library is a permanent one, and being established 
as well by gentlemen in the country, as those in 



74 SCARBROUGH. 

the town, has received the appellation of The 
Agricultural and General Library.. A room for 
billiards is also attached to this building. 

The booksellers will procure Newspapers, for 
stbese who wish to take either London or Provin- 
cial ones. 

CIRCULATING LIBRARIES. 

The Libraries are those of Mr. Theakston, 
Long-room-street, who also supplies a News- 
room, during the summer months ; Messrs. W., 
T., and J. Ainsworth, Newbrough-street ; and 
Miss Bloomfield, Cliff. There is, likewise, a 
Library attached to the Mechanics' Institution, 
established here in 1830, which contains some 
valuable works on the arts and sciences. The 
several Chapels too have their respective Libra- 
ries of theological works; and there is likewise 
a Free Library, founded by a lady of Hull. 



SCARBROUGK. 75 

SHOPS 

for the sale of Agates, &c. of the coast, are 
situated on the Cliff, and in Newbro' Street. Mr. 
Cracknell, Mr. A., & Mr. W. Crawford, at their re- 
spective shops on the Cliff, deal largely in works 
of art, viz, Oriental China, paintings, coins and 
medals, carvings, Foreign shells, &c. &c. Miss 
Corbett, in Merchants' Row, has a large collec- 
tion of curiosities of various descriptions, par- 
ticularly ancient China : indeed the shops 
generally will be found extremely well fur- 
nished. 



CUSTOMS. 

Early morning is appropriated for bathing 
and drinking the waters, mid-day for walking the 
sands, shopping, lounging at the libraries and 
rooms, or taking one of the drives in the romantic 
environs. After dinner a general muster is ap- 
parent on the Cliff-Bridge and Saloon, where a 
band of Music attends and performs selections 
from the most celebrated composers, three even- 
ings in the week, during the season ; the Theatre 
is visited, or the Lecture attended. 

L 



76 SCARBROUG3K 

BATHING. 

The Sea and Spa generally afford engage- 
ments which engross the first attention, and fill 
up the earlier part of the morning ; for to bathe 
and drink the waters, are mostly recommended 
before breakfast. The beautiful form of Scar- 
brough Beach is, at an early hour, enlivened by 
the confused, but entertaining dispersion of 
bathing machines, scattered on its verge, while 
the sun slopes its early beams upon them, as they 
are drawn to and from the sea. There are about 
forty commodious bathing-machines, which be- 
long to the same proprietor. Two women attend 
each lady who bathes, as guides ; and one man, 
every gentleman who requires it. A boy attends 
with a horse, to draw the machine to and from 
the water; which is drawn to any depth the 
bather pleases. There are also machines for 
bathing on the north shore near Low Peasholm. 
The regular price for bathing is sixpence each 
time. 

The following excellent observations on Sea- 
bathing, by Dr. Gibney, cannot be otherwise 
than acceptable : — 



SCARBROUGH. 77 

To invalids, who bathe for the restoration of 
general health, or for the mitigation or removal 
of local complaints, it would be almost impossible 
to give directions and cautions which would ex- 
actly suit every case. To those who from long 
indisposition are much reduced in strength, 
whose digestion and secretions are performed 
with languor and sluggishness, whose sleep is 
un refreshing, and whose mind is irritable and 
fretful, the warm bath is recommended, as 
the sudden use of the cold bath is generally 
unfriendly, until they pass a certain qua- 
rantine on the borders of the sea, and by the 
effects of its salutary air, are, in some measure, 
restored to health and vigour. After this pre- 
paration, if the temperature of the bath be ad- 
justed to the state of the debility, so as by a 
regular progression to increase its coldness, and 
shorten the period of immersion, according to the 
restoration of strength, the invalid may with pro- 
priety bathe in the open sea. 

From a neglect of these precautionary rules, 
many have been obliged to abandon its use, 
having plunged into the water when so cold as 
to produce enervating chills and nervous feel- 
ings, accompanied with head-ache, loss of spirits 



78 SCARBROUGH 

and languor. Invalids of this description should 
not bathe before breakfast, but choose a favour- 
able moment an hour or two after that meal, 
taking particular care to avoid being chilly or 
cold before entering the sea. To the generality 
of persons, one or two immersions are sufficient, 
but this depends upon the effect experienced 
after a few trials, beginning with caution and 
persevering with regularity, in all cases drying 
ths skin, and putting on the usual clothing with 
all expedition. A genial glow suffuses itself over 
the surface, and a pleasing warmth succeeds, ac- 
companied by refreshed and invigorated feelings. 
In general this effect may be considered as a 
proof of its salutary influence, for when a sensi- 
ble glow arising from the cutaneous re-action, 
does not immediately succeed, it is the common- 
ly received opinion that cold bathing, except 
under particular regulation, will not contribute 
toward the improvement of health, and, if in- 
judiciously persisted in, may be the cause of 
bringing on disease. In entering on a course of 
warm bathing, the condition of the patient, the 
moment be«t suited to that condition, and the 
particular temperature of the water, are of es- 



SCAR3ROUGH. 79 

sential conseqaence. When from a due con- 
sideration of the circumstances of the disease, we 
have determined on its use, the best general rule 
for regulating its temperature must be founded 
on the animal heat of the person about to use it. 
This is of primary moment, as a leading feature 
in the general use of the warm bath, but more 
particularly with respect to delicate persons, in 
the treatment of whom, a neglect of this point 
has often been prejudical. 



AMUSEMENTS. 

After breakfast, the usual avocations of all 
public places here succeed in their turn as fancy 
may lead, or convenience direct. Morning par- 
ties for country rides, sally forth with their gay 
and lively trains, in pursuit of health or amuse- 
ment; returning for the most part, gratified by 
a competent share of both. When the tide per- 
mits, about noon, as many as wish to enjoy, to 
the utmost, every breeze of the sea air, parade 
the sandy beach, and compose one of the most 
cheerful medleys. The warmest conception would 
perhaps be inadequate to the beauty and the 



SO SCARBROUGH. 

liveliness which the sands then display. Splendid 
chariots, towering phaetons, pony-carriages, and 
parties on horse-back, vary the scene: thus, each 
pursues the most eligible or convenient method 
of enjoying the salutary exhalation, and takes sea 
water in at every breath. Added to this, is a rich 
assemblage of fixed objects ; the semi-circle of a 
sloping town, and all its motley-coloured houses, 
churches, and castle, which spread out an un- 
commonly fine back-ground; while the sea opens 
to the S. E. a boundless expanse, sometimes a- 
dorned by passing fleets, or many a sail of 
straggling ships, coasting along : the eye seems 
never tired with such a view ; which it is as dif- 
ficult to describe justly, as to quit without re- 
luctance. The usual dinner-hour at Scarbrough 
is four or five: about seven, the clifF-bridge-pro- 
menade, the beach, and plantation-walk, are 
thronged with groups of pedestrians. 

There scarcely can be two sea-rides so near 
each other, as the north-sands, and those to the 
south more agreeably contrasted. We would 
much recommend the north sands, to those un- 
able, or disinclined to mix in the throng, when 



SCARBROUGH. 8f 

they take the sea air. About a mile from the 
castle, along these sands, is a celebrated tea- 
house, called Scalby Mill, greatly resorted to, 
by those fond of rural tea-excursions. The road 
from which Mill may be varied by a return 
along the top of the cliffs ; or through the fields 
into the Whitby road. 

It generally proves a gratifying source of 
amusement to collect on the sea-soast petrefac- 
tions, with jaspers, agates^ and mochos, of which 
the superincumbent deposit of gravel here, and 
along the coast is replete with interesting speci- 
mens. The sands, near Scalby Mill, is one of the 
situations pointed out by the Rev, F. Kendall, 
in his " Descriptive Catalogue of the Minerals of 
Scarbrough," for Jasper Agates ; and near Peas- 
holm-beck Magnetic Iron Sand is found in the 
greatest plenty, and being strongly metallic, it is 
easily collected by passing a magnet gently over 
the surface of the sand, or slightly plunging it in; 
the particles clinging to it after the manner of 
steel-filings. A remarkable fine specimen of a 
fossil tooth of an Asiatic Elephant was found ox* 
these sands, near Scalby MilL 



82 SCARBROUGH. 

The vestiges of one of the small forts thrown 
up daring the siege of Scarb rough Castle in 
1645, may yet be seen upon the hill above Peas- 
holm-vale, near to the Scalby Mill foot-path. 

The following valuable Observations are Extracts 
from a very useful book, entitled "The Peram- 
bulator's Guide to the Scarbrough Sands,"/br 
which we are indebted to Mr. John Bleckly, of 
York. 

It should be observed, that as the time of high 
water as well as the height of the tide is varying 
every day, the arrangements both for walking 
and riding upon the sands, as well as for bathing 
or going upon the sea, should all of them in some 
sort be regulated by it Thus, if it is purposed to 
walk to the Nab* before dinner, a day should be 
taken when it is high water between seven and 
eight o'clock, and commence the walk about 
ten, after which, there will be three hours of fall- 
ing tide, and three hours after that of rising 
water, in which the return upon the same walk- 
ing ground may be effected. 

* A projecting rock, about one mile and a half, south of 
the Spa. 



SCARBROUGH. 83 

This rule will apply to the North as well as 
to the South Sands, and indeed ought to be 
uniformly observed whenever it is proposed to 
take a long walk by the sea-side ; more especial- 
ly on the approach of evening. On every occa- 
sion of this sort, care should be taken that the 
time of high water be not earlier than one, nor 
later than three o'clock in the afternoon; for, 
under either of these circumstances, it will not 
be low water sooner than from six to eight, 
which will always leave possession of good 
walking ground, and a broad field view under 
the shadows of the evening, ere the curtain of 
night closes upon all the surrounding objects. 
It may be proper in this place to state, that two 
days after the new and the full moon, when the 
tides are at the highest, they fall as much below, 
as they rise above their ordinary places, and that 
consequently the run of water is accelerated and 
increased as much as the difference between high 
and low-water mark at the neap and at the spring 
tides. This circumstance is mentioned that 
strangers may not only be upon their guard, but 
avail themselves of every opportunity to inspect 

M 



84 SCARBROUGH. 

the coast, and behold, under all the advantages 
of light and shade, the splendid scenery. 

The next subject which presses upon 
notice, is the alternately tranquil and agitated 
state of the sea, arising solely from the influence 
of the tide ; for it will be found, when there is 
but little wind, that the waters are in a state of 
equilibrium for about an hour, at the period of 
both high and low water ; and that as the tide 
begins gradually to recede or advance, the pout- 
ing lipper soon becomes a restless wave. This 
circumstance will naturally suggest to those who 
intend to bathe, and are not very partial to a 
boisterous sea, that their convenience and their 
comfort may be easily consulted, and that the fears 
and the tears of children may be greatly abated. 
It is also deserving the attention of all who in- 
tend to bathe, that a rising tide is always to be 
preferred, and if within an hour or two of high 
water, the better. The first part of these obser- 
vations is equally applicable to those who in- 
tend to go upon the sea ; and if attended to, 
may be made productive of high gratification 
and benefit to many, who would otherwise never 



SCARBROUGH. 85 

dare to venture upon the unstable element; but 
for the convenience of such, it should be remem- 
bered, that with a serene sky, as soon as the tide 
is half flood, or within three hours of high water, 
the waves will gradually subside into a perfect 
calm. The parties may then take an excursion 
for an hour or two upon smooth water, and re- 
turn with the natural impulse of a flowing tide. 
To those who are indifferent to this consider- 
ation, to say no more of it, it would always be a 
matter of convenience and sound policy to go 
to sea within an hour or two before or after low 
water, according to the length of time they pur- 
pose to stay out, ever bearing in mind, that it is 
easier to return with, than against the tide. 
These remarks will also be serviceable to those 
who are fond of Fishing, where they are provided 
with good tackle, plenty of fresh bait, and a full 
supply of patience ; clear water is not always the 
most favourable for the diversion, although 
smooth water is more agreeable to inland fisher- 
man. 

It should be observed that proper bait of some 
kinds is only to be obtained at low water, and 



86 SCARBROUGH 

that it is always safest to procure it previously, 
to prevent disappointment at the time of em- 
barkation. The best chance of success in fishing 
from the Pier-head, is to commence about two 
hours after low water, and if the wind be favour- 
able, the fish in the season, on their way into the 
harbour, will bite very freely. 






WALKS IN THE IMMEDIATE VICINITY 
OF SCARBROUGH. 

The field for exercise at Scarbrough will be 
found sufficiently ample, and the walks or rides 
of a pleasingly varied description. After the 
most heavy rains, the Beach is in a few minutes 
dry and fit for a place of promenade. The plan- 
tation, which consists of the several varieties of 
trees and shrubs, which form a shade to the 
tastefully laid-out walks, is situated directly op- 
posite the Cliff-Bridge, and is liberally thrown 
open to the public by the corporation. Varied 
and interesting views may be obtained from 
several openings, and particularly from the 
eminence, called the Grove-head, which is at the 
extremity of the Plantation-walk. 



SCARBROUGH. 87 

Passing the Grove^head, the stranger is con- 
ducted, by a path leading along " rural hedge- 
rows/' to the " well-protected lanes" which ter- 
minate at Falsgrave, whence a gravelled walk is 
continued on both sides of the York road to 
Scarbrough. Or, a return over the fields will 
present several romantic views of the town, from 
the hills enclosing the valley an which the foot- 
path is formed. 



THE QUAKER'S RETREAT 

is a place much visited. It consists of a single 
cottage, on the edge of the cliff, overlooking the 
sea, at a short distance beyond the spa. The first 
occupier was a well-known character. He was 
a cultivator and vendor of flowers, which he was 
in the habit of offering, with the cry, " buy my 
beauties." He died in the winter of 1831. The 
present occupier, Mrs. Parnell, has converted 
the place into a tea-house. On a tabular pro- 
jection of cliff, a few yards from the cottage, a 
noble view of the town and bay of Scarbrough, 
may be obtained. About a mile from this place 
is that conspicuous point projecting into the sea, 



88 SCARBROUGH. 

called the Nab. It is in the direct road to Car- 
nelian Bay. 

A WALK TO CARNELIAN BAY. 



At last Carnelian Bay they tread, 
With all its myriad treasures spread; 
Gems of all kinds — red, white, square, round, 
A new Golconda above ground. 

Poetical Sketches of Scarbro\ 

\ 
A walk to Carnelian Bay, about three miles from 

Scarbrough, usually gives rise to much mirth 

among parties climbing over rocky cliffs on their 

progress to this small, but picturesque spot : 

nor does this portion of the excursion constitute 

its chief delight; as the search for Carnelians or 

other pebbles occupies and amuses some hours, 

and the scene may be varied by returning a- 

long the Bridlington road, which will be less 

fatiguing than over the sands. Visitants, indeed, 

may order their carriages to be in waiting there, 

as the tour of the rocks will probably afford 

sufficient exercise for the day. Particular at- 



SCARBROUGH. 89 

tention should be paid respecting the suitable 
time, as visitants returning by the sands, are 
sometimes intercepted by the influx of the tide. 

CAYTON-CLIFF MILL 

is romantically situated on the margin of Car- 
nelian Bay. A pleasant excursion by water may 
be made in any of the pleasure boats and cobles, 
which may be engaged either by the hour, or by 
the voyage, under the management of experienced 
mariners. 

OLIVER'S MOUNT. 

Among the grand prospects to be obtained from 
elevated sites near Scarbrough, must not be for- 
gotten, that from the lofty eminence, called 
Oliver's Mount, about a mile from Scarbrough, 
on the Bridlington road. A driving road is made 
round the hill, winding to the fine level plain on 
its top. This Mount is thus called from a mis- 
taken notion, that Cromwell erected batteries here 
against the Castle, during the siege, in 1644 — 5. 
It is an indisputable historical fact, that Crom- 
well was never present at this siege. 



90 SCARBROTTGH. 

Those who have ascended this mount, since 
the inclosure in 1797, will not think that in 
grandeur of prospect it can easily be exceeded. 
The roads are judiciously laid out, and intersect 
each other in the most convenient manner. The 
ascents are gradual, seldom exceeding a rise of 
seven feet in a hundred, so that in a few minutes 
the traveller is conveyed by a good road, thirty 
feet wide, to a delightful terrace elevated six 
hundred feet above the sea. Hence there is a 
view of the Ocean, (bounded by the horizon) the 
Coast, the Castle-hill, the Town, the Harbour, 
and extensive Piers. To the westward, the vale 
of Pickering, and a vast extent of country in all 
charming diversity of landscape, exhibit scenes of 
a very picturesque nature. As a ride, it posses- 
ses every thing desirable ; and the coolness and 
freshness of the air, at such an elevation, give a 
sense of lightness and comfort not easily de- 
scribed. From this eminence, Falsgrave, one. 
mile west from Scarbrough, is prominently con- 
spicuous. 




THE MERE TEA GARDENS, 

about two miles from Scarbrough, at the foot of 
Oliver's Mount, are much frequented by those 
fond of rural excursions. The house is picturesque- 
ly situated on a considerable elevation, at the 
side of the Mere, a fine piece of water, abound- 
ing with fish, belonging to the corporation, who, 
on application, will grant leave to those who 
wish to fish there. About two miles beyond the 
Mere is situated the village of Seamer. 



92 SCARBROUGH. 

ELEVATED WALK ON THE SOUTH 
CLIFF. 

There is a walk which, for elevation and for 
the grandeur of prospect which it affords, both 
of sea and land, is certainly unequalled in the 
immediate vicinity of Scarbrough : we mean that 
along the edge of the cliffs, above the Bridge 
Promenade ; the road conducting to which is a 
few paces from the Museum, on the left of the 
Bridlington road, where a flight of steps is the 
conductor. The foot-path at length makes a 
digression from the sea-side, and conducts by 
winding ways into a lane leading into the Brid- 
lington road, at about a mile distant from the 
Museum. This generally proves an interesting 
walk. If parties wish to lengthen their excur- 
sion, a white gate on the left in returning, and 
about half a mile from Scarbrough, opens into 
a plantation of firs, which conducts down the 
hill to Plantation Cottage, and thence, by an as- 
cent up the pebbled walk into the York road 
near the Pavilion. 

BARROW-CLIFF PLANTATION. 

Half an hour's walk of picturesque and ever- 



SCARBROUGR. §g 

varying interest may be enjoyed in an excursion 
to Barrow-cliff Plantation. From the top of 
Tanner-street, winding sheep walks lead to the 
small wood, called Barrow-cliff; but the readier 
way is that along the Whitby road, and to turn 
over the fields after you have passed the tenth 
gate on the left of the high road leading to 
Whitby. On returning from this verdant spot 
of earth, the walk may be prolonged and varied 
by crossing the Whitby road into the north fields,, 
where is a path winding round the edge of the 
cliff to the castle. 

The walk along the side of what is called the 
Castle Dykes, commands a full view of the town 
of Scarbrough and the circumjacent country;, 
and under the arch of the bridge of the castle, is 
a road of gradual descent conducting to the 
north sands. 

A WALK FROM SCARBROUGH 

TO MR. DUNWELL'S, LATE PEARSON'S, 

PUBLIC GARDENS, FALSGRAVE. 

The first object from Scarbro' which strikes the 

eye after passing the delightful Terrace of Brum- 



94 SCARBROUGH 

wick-Crescent and Albion-Place, is, " Belle-Vue 
House, the residence of Dr. Murray ; aptly so 
named as occupying one of the finest of situations 
for mixed and beautiful prospect." Continuing 
our walk along a well-gravelled and safely- 
defended path by the side of the York road, we 
shortly reach the village of Falsgrave, which is 
about one mile distant from Scarbrough. " It is 
certainly of great antiquity," writes the Historian 
of Scarbrough, " and previously to the conquest 
(1066) was part of the demesne of Tosti, Count 
of Northumberland." Proceeding along the 
village street, we arrive at the shop of the Statu- 
ary, described in an animated style in a work, 
entitled, "Prose by a Poet;" and shortly after, 
reach the Gardens of Mr. Dunwell, which are 
at the extremity of the village, in a retired situa- 
tion : the road leading to it is designated by the 
School-House, known by presenting at its top, a 
bell, with the word Falsgrave underneath ; and 
having altogether the appearance of a chapel. 
The grounds abound with strawberries, choice 
gooseberries, &c, and several rustic summer- 
houses afford pleasant situations for resting to 
eat the fruit, or in which to drink tea, present- 



SCARBROUGH. 95 

mg at the same time arf attractive view of Scar- 
brough Castle and the North Sands, with Bell- 
vue House in the nearer prospect. The walk 
beyond the village of Falsgrave as far as to 
Stepney-house is delightful. 



BRUNSWICK CRESCENT 

forms a striking object from the Bridlington road. 
Within these few years very striking improve- 
ments have taken place in Scarb rough, par- 
ticularly in the erection of public and private 
buildings, as instances of the former may be 
mentioned Christ-church & St, Thomas's Church, 
the cast iron Bridge, the Museum, the Saloon, 
and the Wesleyan Centenary Chapel, &c. 

HUNTING, SHOOTING, COURSING, 
FISHING, ETC. 

Besides such amusements as hunting, shooting, 
and coursing, which gentlemen acquainted in 
the neighbourhood may obtain occasional leave 
to pursue, and exclusive of the pleasant rides in 
the vicinity, sea-parties in fine settled weather 



96 SCARBROUGH. 

(especially in the month of August) are 
abundantly entertaining to such as enjoy little 
trips around the bay in sailing boats, for fishing, 
with the prospect of a fine diversified line of coast. 

Haddock, small whiting, codling, and gurnard, 
frequently come so near the shore, as to be 
angled for with success from the outward pier. 
Cobles put off behind the castle, or near the 
rocks eastward in the bay, and catch small sized 
fish, often as fast as they can bait. This 
amusement, however, depends on the appetite 
of the fish, and the wind being offshore : when 
both are favourable, it is highly successful ; and 
it is observable, that they bite most greedily as 
the evening closes. There is another mode of 
line-fishing here, which though not without the 
same uncertainties, often affords good pastime : 
angling for billet, parr, and cole-fish from the 
neighbouring rocks, or in a coble anchored at a 
short distance. When in a humour to bite, these 
fish afford much diversion, and require far more 
play to be taken than the smaller tribe of salt- 
water fish in common.* 

* To those who may wish to make a fishing | 
requisite apparatus v. ill be supplied on applical 
bo a tin 



SCARBROUGH. 97 

ANTIQUITIES. 

Those attached to objects of Antiquity will 
be pleased to see a register, however brief, of 
subjects of the "olden tyme," connected with 
Scarb rough. 

In High-Tollergate, opposite the Ropery, on 
the road leading to St. Mary's Church and the 
Castle, from the former of which it is distant 
about sixty yards, is a Market Stone of great 
antiquity, one of its sides being affixed in the 
boundary wall of a field. From the name of 
the street, Tollergate, it is conceived that tolls 
were, in former times, levied here. The stone is 
Basalt, of the same quality as the remarkable 
Whin dyke on the high moors. 

In Saturday Market is an ancient cross, 
which has. exercised the ingenuity of several 
Antiquaries. It is mentioned in the records, as 
the '* Butter-cross." 

At the entrance to the Museum is an ancient 
effigy, supposed to represent John de Mowbray, 
one of the Governors of the Castle ; or one of 
the Percy family, but of this there is no certainty- 



98 SCARBROUGH. 

FISH BROUGHT TO SCARBROUGH 
MARKET. 

The principal fish brought to Sea b for 

sale are cod, haddock, ling, scate, hollibat, 
lings, herrings, turbot, whiting, parr,, billets, 
cole-fish, lobsters, crabs, and shrimps. The B< 
for cod-fish has been erroneously supposed to 
be altogether confined to the winter-months 
as a proof, however, to the contrary, ma] 
them are daily seen in the market in June, July, 
and August, in the finest condition. 

Mackarel cannot be properly classed am 

the kinds of Fish caught her. 

casionally appear within the ran 

Sometimes, however, Mackarel come up in 

shoals, even to the piers; but their appearance 

in such numbers is an unusual oceurrei 

Salmon is also supplied in the season. 



MARKETS. 

The Fish Market is upon the Sands,, i 
the West Pier. 



SCARBROUGH. 99 

The Markets for butchers meat, poultry, and 
fruit, are on Thursdays and Saturdays. Those 
on Thursdays, however, are by far the most con- 
siderable. The moor-mutton brought to Scar- 
brough is celebrated for its fine flavour. 

FRUIT 

of the best kind and highest perfection may be 
obtained at Scarbro', on moderate terms. Messrs. 
Bravender & Hick have a pinery, and supply 
grapes, nectarines, peaches, apricots, melons 
plumbs, pears, &c, fresh-gathered every day 
during the height of the Scarbrough season. Mr. 
George Walshaw also, has hot-houses, and sup- 
plies families with fine fruit, &c. Mr. Chatwin 
likewise, has hot-houses and displays good fruit. 
And in regard to strawberries, they may be en- 
joyed in the greatest perfection, at Mr. Dunwells 
Gardens, Falsgrave. While on this subject, we 
may be allowed to observe, that we have noticed 
excellent fruit at Mr. Jobson's Pinery, at Hut- 
ton-Bushell, a pleasant village, about six miles 
from Scarbrough, on the York road. He raises 
some of the earliest and finest grapes of the year. 

L.cfC. ° 



100 SCARBROUGB. 

Having now conducted the stranger through 
this "Queen of English Watering Places," we 
will hope that, in the preceding pages, every 
species of direction has been afford to scenes 

u which daily viewed, 

Please daily, and whose novelty survives 
Long knowledge, and the scrutiny of years ;" 

and hasten to describe 

THE ENVIRONS OF SCARBROUGH. 

Scarbrough is the centre and source of at- 
traction to a great variety of picturesque and 
majestic scenes both of nature and art. The man 
of taste, fixing his residence there a whole sea- 
son, may find abundance of matter to gratify his 
curiosity throughout that period, by visiting ob- 
jects contained within a circle of twenty- five 
miles round that romantic watering-place ; and, 
being in the immediate vicinity, we will com- 
mence our descriptions with 

HACKNESS, 

which is a romantic village, celebrated for the 
beauty of its scenery ; and is therefore visited 



SCARBROUGH. 101 

by all persons of discernment and fashion who re- 
sort to Scarbro', from which it is about six miles 
distant. The road conducting to it may be taken 
through the villages of East and West Ayton, 
which are pleasantly situated on the opposite 
banks of the river Derwent. The Derwent, after 
winding in a confined current through the valley 
from Hackness, here displays a broader stream. 
On the slope of a pleasant field to the north of 
West Ay ton , stands the ruin of an ancient building, 
once the fortified residence of the family of the 
Eures or Evers, who possessed large demesnes in 
these parts, and in the neighbourhood of Malton. 

The village of East Ayton* is celebrated for 
its charming valley, through which, is the delight- 
ful ride to Hackness. The lofty hills which em- 
bosom this valley, rise almost perpendicularly, 

* Five miles from Scarbrough, and four thence down the 
valley to Hackness. Those who would like to walk down 
the vale might proceed by the mail from Scarbrough, at one 
P.M., as far as Ayton : they will find a good Inn and accom- 
modations at the Johnstone Arms, at Hackness: A return by 
Scalby and Newby, (the distance in which line being only six 
miles,) will give a pleasing variation to the excursion. 



102 SCARBROUGH 

clothed with pendent woods of various foliage ; 
and the river Derwent, overhung with branching 
shrubs and spiry alders, meanders is its silvery 
course through the vale. About a mile up the 
valley the road winds into Raincliff, where there 
is another change of sylvan scenery, which covers 
the north-west declivity of Seamer-moor. A lane, 
to the left, leads to Hackness, through the village 
of Everley on the verdant slope of the opposite 
hill. This is one of the most pleasant rides from 
Scarbrough to Hackness ; and the scene may be 
diversified by returning along the carriage-road 
which descends to the hill at Hay-Brow. From 
the summit of this hill there is a delightful view 
of the Sea and Scarbrough Castle. The pictu- 
resque village of Scalby adds considerably to the 
beauty of the landscape. 

Hackness is situated in a pleasant valley, 
embosomed by surrounding hills, adorned with 
trees of the richest foliage. The hills are lofty, 
and finely variegated, differing from each other 
as well in shape as in ornament. The prospects 
at Hackness have a charming variety ; the hand 
of nature having not only enriched them with a 



SCARBROUGH. 103 

profusion of sylvan embellishments, but also 
moulded them into such different forms and 
projections, as are at once picturesque and 
beautifuL The road winds irregularly through 
the valley, presenting at every turn a change of 
scenery, and the view is sometimes improved by 
springs of water bursting from the sides of the 
hills in natural cascades, or falling in gentle 

murmurs. 

i 

To this delightful solitude, Lady Hilda, the 
pious and illustrious foundress of Whitby A bbe\> 
retreated, in the evening of life, to pass her days 
in sacred retirement and meditation.* 

The Church is a pleasing rural edifice, embo- 
somed in verdent foliage, having, on a low tower,, 
a spire, than which no other kind of erection 
could have been more happily chosen for its* 
peculiar situation, as it forms, when viewed 
through the openings of the woods, a most in- 
teresting object; particularly in conjunction 
with the mansion-house. The interior of the 

* Vide HinderwelPs Scarbrough* 



104 SCARBROUGH. 

church bears evident marks of antiquity, and has 
been attached to the monastery of Lady Hilda. 
"The ancient oak-stalls of the monks, in the 
choir, still remain, nearly in their original state." 
It is the receptacle of a fine piece of statuary by 
Chantry, The canopy over the font, and a pair 
of curiously embellished candlesticks at the altar 
are worthy of inspection In the Church Library 
are several valuable ecclesiastical works, and we 
think a " Bibliotheca Parochial is de Hackness" 
w r ould not prove uninteresting. 

On entering Hackness from Scalby,an elegant 
arched entrance bespeaks the approach to the 
village, the view through which, as it gradually 
unfolds itself, backed by that uncommonly bold, 
fine hill near the church, crowned with wood of 
varied foliage, when tinged with the soft glow of 
an evening's sun, produces an effect beyond de- 
scription luxurious. 

The gateway itself is an appropriate and 
pleasing design, and is covered with a great 
variety of ornamental shrubs, which are pendent 



SCARBROUGH. 105 

over its sides, and would form a most interesting 
subject for the artist* 

On the right of this gateway appears the ele- 
gant modern Mansion-house* of the proprietor 
©f the lordship, Sir John Vanden Bempde John- 
stone, Bart., erected by Sir Richard Johnstone, 
the father of the present owner. 

Some very striking improvements have recent- 
ly been made in the grounds contiguous to the 
mansion, in the enlargement of the sheet of water 
in front of the house, the conducting of a rivu- 
let round the woods which environ the park, the 
embellishment of the sides of the €arriage-road, 
by plantations, the erection of a New Lodge, and 
other effective alterations. A few more such 
changes will contribute toward rendering Hack- 
ness, Fairy Land, and this sweet vale a place of 
enchantment. 

"The high ground between Scarbrough and 
Ayton, called Seamer-moor, and the moors which 

* Lithographic views of the House and Church are pub- 
lished, and may be had of the Booksellers of Scarbrough. 



106 SCARBROUGH. 

extend westward to Lockton and Saltergate, 
present many interesting objects to the eye of 
the antiquary ; particularly camps, trenches, 
houes, upright stones, and foundations of ancient 
British dwellings. These hills are also interest- 
ing to the naturalist, from their peculiar form ; 
being all flat on the top, with steep but smooth 
declivites on their northern fronts, descending 
at the same angle. Some of these hills are 
stretched out in oblong ridges, which when their 
ends are presented to the spectator, have the ap- 
pearance of haystacks. This is particularly the 
case with Langdale End, and Blakey Topping; 
to which we may add Oliver's Mount, near 
Scarbrough."* 



SCALBY 

is a pleasant village, three miles from Scarbro', 
to the north of the York road, and may be visited 
either in the way to, or on the return from Hack- 
ness. The situation of Scalby is more pleasant, 
and its general appearance more inviting, than 
many other villages of the country ; it being 



* 



Young's Picture of Whitby. 



SCARBROUGH. 107 

agreeably dispersed ; not having too much of the 
straight line, but presenting many rural devia- 
tions, both as regards the buildings themselves 
and their situation. At the west end of the vil- 
lage, a road turns off which ultimately 
" Descends into the opening glade" 

of Hackness, so celebrated in this neighbourhood. 
It may be considered a new road, having been 
formed only about twenty-five years, by the late 
Sir Richard Vanden Bempde Johnstone, Bart., 
the proprietor of Hackness, at about £600 ex- 
pense. 

Near this turn to Hackness stands, upon a 
gentle elevation, the Church, a very neat edifice, 
with an embattled tower, which from several 
points of view assimilates in a delightful manner 
with the surrounding landscape.* The prospect 
from the church-yard embraces an extent and 
variety of objects, seldom realized without some 

* A picturesque view of the Church of Scalby has been 
published by C, R. Todd, Scarbrough, finely etched by Mr. 
C. J. Smith, of London ; from a drawing by Mr. H. B. Carter, 
of Scarbrough. 

P 



108 S€ARBROUGH. 

counteracting impression of dreariness and va- 
cancy. In the landscape here presented, the eye 
of taste is fully satisfied. The hills of Hackness, 
especially one tabular projection, and the range 
of RainclifF, form the boundaries of the horizon 
on the right hand and on the left. These noble 
eminences and slopes of every size and form, are 
clothed with woods, in growth and quantity 
most picturesque, and disposed with the best ef- 
fect on the very points where we should most 
desire them. 

The small building near the church-yard gate 
is a School-room, built by the Rev. C. A. Thur- 
low, the late Vicar. 

Times of Divine Service. — On Sunday morn- 
ings in summer, service commences at half-past 
ten ; and when in the afternoon, at lialf-past two. 
In winter each service begins half an hour 
earlier. 

NEWBY 

is a hamlet contiguous to, and in the parish of 
Scalby. 




SCALBY MILL. 

A branch of the Derwent, formed into a 
canal, not navigable, passes the outskirts of Seal- 
by, and winds its way to Scalby Mill, a celebrated 
tea-house, for which too much cannot be said ; it is 
romantically situated, commanding an excellent 
view of the Ocean, Scarbro' Castle, &c. and the 
visitant cannot spend an afternoon, more plea- 
santly, or at less expense, than by visiting this 
picturesque scene. Parties who wish it can have 
their tea served in the alcoves. 



110 SCARBROUGH 

A road opposite Newby, to the south, leads to 
RainclifF, in every respect the most extensive 
wood in the neighbourhood of Scarbro'. Through 
it, in the warmer seasons of the year, may be 
taken one of the most delightful rides that this 
country affords. The wood is entered by a gate 
on the right hand of the lane, which may be fol- 
lowed along the bottom of the hill, and will con- 
duct strangers either to Hackness by way of 
Everley, or through the Forge-valley to Ay ton, 
and thus returning to Scarbrough by the York 
road. The variety of ground passed through in 
making this agreeable tour is abundant in diversi- 
fied sylvan scenery. The succession of very 
dissimilar, but well contrasted scenes, almost 
every one beautiful in its kind, may, combining 
the effect of the whole, scarcely be rivalled 
within so small a compass. The river Derwent 
overhung with branching shrubs, and spiry 
alders, sweeps its winding course, rippling along 
at the foot of lofty eminences, thickly planted 
with trees. The river afterwards spreads a broader 
stream, meandering through more open ground, 
toward the picturesque village of Ayton, adorned 
by a handsome modern bridge, near to which 



SCARBROUGH. Ill 

are the remains of an ancient mansion, all so 
happily situated, as if designed in succession to 
surprise and gratify the eye of the visitant. 



BURNISTON 

is the first village on the road to Whitby, about 
four miles from Scarbrough, and is attached to 
the parish of Scalby. 



CLOUGHTON, 

five miles distant from Scarbrough, on the Whit- 
by road, is, likewise, in the parish of Scalby. 
The roof of the small chapel of ease here, in 
November, 1831, fell in, and the building al- 
together being in a dangerous state, it was found 
necessary to rebuild the sacred edifice; according- 
ly in January, 1832, the Rev. C. A. Thurlow, laid 
the first stone of a new and larger chapel, which 
was opened in the summer. The Vicar of Scalby 
performs Divine Worship here, at those times 
when he does not officiate at Scalby. 

Quarry .-In this township is a celebrated Quarry 



112 SCARBROLGH. 

of free-stone, whence Scarbrougb Castle is said 
to have been built, and with which durable stone 
Belvoir-Terrace, &c, forming a portion of the 
Crescent buildings at Scarbrough, have been 
erected. 

f* At Cloughton-wyke is a petrifying spring, 
whence remarkably fine specimens of incrusted 
moss, twigs, &c. may be obtained. 



ANCIENT BRITISH VILLAGE, 
NEAR CLOUGHTON. 

Mr. Knox's Map of the Environs of Scarbro', 
by pointing out some considerable foundations 
near Cloughton, excited much interest, which 
occasioned the spot to be investigated in the 
autumn of 1828, and an interesting letter, 
developing the plan, and containing the result 
of the discoveries made, was addressed to John 
Tindall, Esq., Banker, Scarbrough. 

Little doubt is left on the mind that these 
foundations have been a settlement, or town, of 
the ancient Britons ; connected, as they certain- 



S€ARBROUGH. 113 

ly are, by track-ways, or roads, to other remains 
of acknowledged high antiquity, at no great dis- 
tance on the moors. The situation, although not 
greatly elevated, commands an extensive and 
beautiful prospect. 

Stone celts have been found on the moors 
near this place ; a fine large one being now in 
the possession of Mr. T, Pickering, who had, till 
lately, much to his credit, preserved the remains of 
a small British urn, found in the Tumulus, near 
Ringing Keld. A quern, or ancient mill stone, 
was also ploughed up in this neighbourhood. 



HAYBURN WYKE 

possesses a picturesque wood, and under the 
luxuriant branches of oak, ash, birch, pine, &c, 
numerous forest- walks have been formed, on 
which are placed in various appropriate situa- 
tions rustic temples, summer houses, huts, &c, ; 
and at different openings are discovered beauti- 
ful cascades, forming in conjunction, a scene of 
varied richness and beauty. It is the property 
of Mis. Woodall, of Scarbrough. 



114 SC&RBROUGH. 

AT ROBIN HOODS BAY 

is a small fishing town, about thirteen miles north 
from Scarb rough, and is frequently visited by- 
strangers on account of its peculiarly romantic 
situation, and grotesque appearance, the houses 
being strangely scattered over the face of a steep 
cliff. About a mile from the village are situated 
the celebrated alum works, the operations of 
which are at present suspended. The road 
to Robin Hood's Bay turns off from the moors, 
or high Whitby road, about five miles from 
the half-way house between Scarbrough and 
Whitby ; but the descent into the vale is very 
inconvenient for a carriage, the road being 
irregular and steep. 

In the event of a party visiting the place in a 
carriage, we by all means advise the com- 
pany to walk down the valley, on quitting the 
Whitby road, for the distance of a mile or two, 
and to leave the carriage, on its arrival, at the 
entrance of the village, called Robin Hood's Town; 
a person possessing a field, being generally in 
readiness to take charge of the carriage and 
horses; as the descent into the village is so pre- 



SCARBROUGH. 115 

cipitous, as to render it extremely dangerous for 
any vehicle to proceed farther than the brow of 

the hill. 

FILEY, 
formerly a mere fishing town, has now acquired 
some celebrity as a watering-place ; it is distant 
eight miles south from Scarbrough. The situa- 
tion of Filey is bold and romantic, being elevated 
upon the Cliffs, nearly in the centre of a spacious 
bay, whose terminations are on the south, by the 
vast promontory, Flamborough Head, and on the 
north by the remarkable ridge of rocks, which 

' lacks a parallel' 
on the English coasts, emphatically denominated 
Filey Bridge, ranging about half a mile into the 
sea. At the time of high- water this vast mole 
is overflowed ; but when the tide is down, it 
may be paced to its extremity, whence noble 
views of Scarbrough-castle on the north, and 
Flamboro' Head, on the south, offer themselves 
romantically to the sight. The sandy beach of 
Filey is particularly fine, being firm and smooth 
for five miles in extent. After storms, the species 
of shells, corallines, &c. deposited upon the coast, 
particularly in the bay, are remarkably numerous, 



116 SCARBROUGH. 

Fishery is pursued at Filey with much spirit ; 
the lobsters caught here are considered particu- 
larly excellent. Bathing is practiced here, there 
being several machines kept. Baths have been 
erected near the beach. The Spa is situated 
about a quarter of a mile to the N. E. of the 
village; "the water contains/' according to 
Munro, " besides iron, a considerable portion of 
sea salt, some Epsom salt, calcareous earth, and 
probably much fixed air." The population of Filey 
is about 800. A Free Library lias be 
lished here by Miss Walker. The Hotel, kept 
by Mrs. Foord, is a very respectable Inn. 

HUNMAXBY, 

about the midway between Scarbrough and 
Bridlington, is well built and pleasantly situ- 
ated, being surrounded by 6,000 acres of fertile 
land, and adorned by a considerable quantity of 
ornamental wood, chiefly growing on an elevated 
site, called the Castle-hill, where are still to be 
traced the foundations of an ancient fortress. 
From this place the ground slopes, with a regular 
and almost imperceptible descent, toward the 
beautiful and picturesque bay of Filey. 




Ik 



SCARBROUGH. 119 

In the Church is a sumptuous monument, 
commemorating such of the Osbaldeston family, 
who died in the eighteenth century- Over the 
central arches of the Church are emblazoned, in 
twelve distinct shields, the armorial bearings, 
subscribed with the names of the ancient lords 
of the place. The vicarage-house, which stands 
near the Church, has been greatly improved and 
embellished by the present incumbent, the Rev. 
Francis Wrangham, M. A. F. R. S. &c, &c. 

Bertram Mitford Osbaldeston Mitford,Esq.,the 
Proprietor of the Lordship, has a seat here. It is 
not, however, a conspicuous object from the road, 
being walled round, and shaded by aged trees. 
At the extremity of the village towards Brid- 
lington, is a gothic entrance-lodge, in imitation 
of a ruined abbey, which has a very striking 
effect. - 4 

FLAMBOROUGH CLIFFS. 

The Cliffs of Flamborough, about eighteen 
miles distant from Scarbrough, are well worth 
inspecting : " they are of amazing grandeur and 



120 SCARBROUGH. 

a tremendous height, from one hundred to a 
hundred and fifty yards perpendicular. They 
are composed of a mouldering limestone rock, of 
snowy whiteness, covered and adorned with an 
astonishing number of birds, remarkable for the 
variety and brilliancy of their plumage. From 
the latter end of April to the beginning of August, 
myriads resort thither, to build their pensile nests, 
and trust their eggs and tender offspring to the 
exposed and dangerous security of broken rocks, 
and projecting ledges. 

,f At the foot of the Cliffs, are some extensive 
Caverns, formed either by the restless turbulence 
of the ocean, gradually and imperceptibly exca- 
vating the solid rock, or by some unknow n cause 
of distant origin. There are three, which exceed 
the others in extent and curiosity. The principal 
is Robin LytKs Hole, which surpasses the rest in 
extent of dimensions. It has two openings, one 
communicating with the land, the other with the 
sea. The former is low and narrow, giving solemn 
admission into the cavern, which, at the first en- 
trance, is surrounded with a tenebrious gloom ; 
but the darkness gradually dispersing, the mag- 



SCARBROUGH. 121 

nificence becomes unfolded, and excites the 
admiration of the exploring stranger. The floor 
is a solid rock, formed into broad steps of an 
easy descent, and the stones, at the sides, are 
curiously variegated. The roof is finely arched, 
and nearly fifty feet high at the centre. The 
many projecting ledges and fragments of sus- 
pended rocks, joined to the great elevation, give 
it an awful, and, at the same time, a majestic 
appearance; and when looking upward to survey 
the lofty arch, and reflect upon the superincum- 
bent mass sustained by it, there is a difficulty in 
suppressing those ideas of danger which intrude 
upon such an occasion. 

Near Flamborough is situated the celebrated 
Light-House, which, from its elevated situation, 
may be seen at at a great distance. The interior 
may be viewed %i application. 

From Flamborough, an excursion to the 
church of Bridlington should be made, which 
presents interesting specimens of the architecture 
of various periods ; for a minute description of 



122 SCAJtBROUGH. 

which, and several antiquities connected with | 
this edifice, we refer our readers to Prickett's 
Architectural Description of Bridlington Priory 
Church, and Poulson's History of Holderness. 

In the church-yard at Rudston, a village five 
miles west from Bridlington, "is an obelisk 
highly worthy the attention of the antiquary." 
It consists of one entire and immensely large 
stone, of itself a curiosity ; the erection of which 
has been ascribed to the Druids, the Romans, &c. ; 
and as no description can present an adequate 
idea of its magnitude and effects, combined with 
the adjacent scenery, we earnestly recommend a 
visit to the original, which is a venerable object 
of antiquity. 



PICKERING, 

which is eighteen miles distant Trom Scarbrough, 
lies in the road to Kirby Moor-side and Dun- 
combe Park, and wa3 formerly the chief town of 
the district, and once sent two members to Par- 
liament. It is situated is upon a pleasant eminence. 
The castle at present is in a very ruinous state ; 



SCARBROUGH. 123 

but not many years since, some of the towers had 
wooden floors entire, and doors to the dungeons. 
The castle-hill commands a charming view of the 
vale of Pickering, which is celebrated for its 
fertility. 

The railroad from Pickering to Whitby affords 
excellent accommodation for passengers. 

Coaches for a party of not less than eight, and 
trucks for the conveyance of carriages may be 
had at any time, either at Whitby or Pickering ; 
and even a single individual will find the en- 
gaging of a railway carriage to himself, less ex- 
pensive than a post chaise. 



WHITBY, 

A delightful excursion may be made from 
Pickering to Whitby by the railway. It is atownof 
some importance^where ship-building is carried 
on to a considerable extent, but our limits will 
not allow us to enter into any full description. 



KIRBY MOOR-SIDE 

is a market town situated near the river Rye. It 

R 



124 SCARBROUGH. 

was originally called Kirkby, and received the 
additional epithet Moor-side, from its situation on 
the side of Blackmoor. It is distant from Scar- 
brough about twenty-six miles. Kirby Moor-side 
and Helmsley (including Duncombe Park) were 
part of the extensive possessions of VUliers, Duke 
of Buckingham, who was killed by Felton. 

The house in which the succeeding Duke ex- 
pired is situated in the Market-place. During 
the summer-season it is much visited by the 
curious. 

On the road from Kirkby Moor-side to Helms- 
ley, and Duncombe Park, is the celebrated 

KIRKDALE CAVERN, 

of the discovery of which, we extract the following 
from Young and Bird's " Geological survey of 
the Yorkshire Coast." 

* The labourers at the quarry of stone for 
repairing roads at Kirkdale, having removed the 
alluvium from above a fresh piece of this rock, 
in the north part of the quarry, and wrought this 



SCARBROUGH. 125 

rock downward for a few feet, discovered, in 
July 1821, a cavern running horizontally from 
the slope of the bank eastward, and then making 
a turn to the north east. 

" The operations of the workmen laid open 
that part of the cave which extended from the 
bank to the remarkable turn now mentioned, a 
distance of forty-six feet. The aperture toward 
the slope was nearly square, being about two feet 
each way ; but it became considerably wider to- 
toward the turn, and a little higher. The stratum 
forming the floor was flat and unbroken, and was 
thickly covered with bones and teeth, not- lying 
in distinct skeletons, but strewed about in the 
greatest confusion, and mixed with a soft marly 
earth, apparently resulting from the decom- 
position of bones. The bones had scarcely any 
appearance of being water- worn ; a few of them 
were tolerably entire, but the greater part con- 
sisted of broken fragments of leg bones, thigh 
bones, jaw bones, &c. ; and many of them were 
greatly decomposed, being nearly in the state of 
phosphate of lime, and ready to crumble into 
powder. The teeth were found, partly in the 



126 SCARBROUGH. 

fragments of the jaws, and partly detached. 
The quantity of bones in this part of the cavern, 
was reckoned to exceed a cart load. The roof and 
sides of the cavern were, in many places,incrusted 
with stalactites, masses of which were also mixed 
with the bones."f 

At a short distance from this cave, is Kirkdale 
Church, situate in a fine romantic valley, and 
celebrated for a dial, bearing a very ancient 
inscription, at a date, before the Norman Con- 
quest. % 



HELMSLEY, 

the property of Lord Feversham, is an ancient 
market town, in a pleasant situation, on the banks 
of the river Rye, six miles from Kirby Moor-side. 
The cultivated part of the country contiguous to 
it, is fertile, and abounds with venerable woods ; 
but, at a distance, the barren moors appeal in 
view. 

f Professor Buckland, P. G.S., published a very into 
volume on the subject of this cavern, and the remain* 
in it. 

% See' a description of Duncombe Park, Rievaux A1 
&c, price 2s. 6d., and Eastmead's Bittoria RUvattt i -. 9 



SCARBROUGH. 127 

The remains of the castle are grand and im- 
posing, consisting of a lofty tower ; and some 
other detached broken parts, with a noble gate- 
way, situated upon an eminence, surrounded 
with a double moat. The tower, in conjunction 
with the rich woodland scenery around, forms a 
prominent and most interesting object from the 
exquisite terrace belonging to Buncombe Park* 

Visitants will find excellent accommodation at 
the New Inn, at Helmsley, from which place the 
road" 34 is usually taken to 

RIEVAUX ABBEY, 

a stately vestige of antiquity, situated in a plea- 
sant vale, about three miles from Buncombe Park. 

*• Parties generally take their vehicle to the Abbey, 
whence they walk to Duncombe Park along the fine terrace^ 
called the Bank Top, which is near the ruins of the Abbey, and 
return thro' the Park to Helmsley, in which course the remains 
of the Castle will meet the eye, and call for minute examina- 
tion. Those who can spare time, should contrive to devote 
two days to the excursion, sleeping the first night at Kirby- 
moorside, or at Helmsley, and proceeding the next morning 
to inspect these majestic and enchanting scenes. 



128 SCARBROUGH 

The vestiges, yet standing, are noble, and prove the 
abbey to have been of great extent. The situa- 
tion is not to be surpassed in picturesque beauty. 
At a little distance from the ruins, are the 
gardener's apartments, whence there is a steep 
and winding path ascending to a charming 
terrace, which overlooksthe whole, and commands 
the most beautiful and diversified prospects. At 
one end is an elegant pavilion ornamented with 
paintings ; at the other a handsome circular 
temple, whence appears an extensive valley, 
richly adorned with wood and water. The north 
side of the terrace is defended by a thick plan- 
tation of firs, and the slopes are covered with a 
variety of trees and shrubs. Indeed the scenery 
is beyond description fascinating. 

BUNCOMBE PARK, 

the seat of Lord Feversham, is about two miles 
from Helmsley. The house is a fine building 
designed by Sir John Yanbrugh. In the Hall, a 
noble room, sixty feet long and forty wide, sur- 
rounded with fourteen large Corinthian pillars of 
stone, is that invaluable piece of sculpture, the 



SCARBROUGH. 129 

Dog of Alcibiades, the performance of the cele- 
brated Myron, and the famous statue of the 
Discobulus, which is esteemed the first statue in 
England. The saloon, in spirit with the laudable 
fashion of the times, has been converted into a 
library. The collection of paintings, though not 
very numerous, is extremely capital and choice. 

We must not fail to notice to the traveller, 
that Byland Abbey, an interesting ruin, is only 
about four miles from Rievaux Abbey. 



CASTLE-HOWARD, 

the seat of the Earl of Carlisle, six miles to the 
west of Malton,* (which place is distant twenty- 
two miles from Scarbrough,) stands upon a 
beautiful eminence in view of the York road, and 
is esteemed one of the noblest mansions in this 
country. -It was built from a design by Sir John 
Vanbrugh. The large and princely collection of 

The York Coach might be taken in the morning at 
seven for Malton, where, at the Talbot Inn, are good accom- 
modations, and there would be sufficient time to inspect the 
house, and return to Malton to meet the Coach about three 
ft. M. for Scarbrough. 



133 SCARB ROUGH. 

antique busts, statues, marbles, urns, and paint- 
ings, with which this mansion is enriched, affords 
a high gratification to the admirers of the tine 
arts, while the liberality of the noble proprietor 
entitles him to the praise and gratitude of the 
public for allowing them to participate in the 
pleasures arising from such a repository of taste. 

An enumeration of the whole of the paintings 
here would be too extensive for insertion : a 
selection only will, therefore, be introduced. 
The three of the greatest reputation, formed a 
a part of the Orleans Collection. The most 
celebrated picture is that of the Three Maries , by 
Annibal Caracci. 



In this astonishing effort of art all the excel- 
lencies of painting are united. With respect to the 
reputed value of this extraordinary performance, 
it has been alleged that the court of Spain pro- 
posed to cover it with louis-d'ors, and that this 
would have amounted to eight thousand. 

The following should be particularly noticed : 



i 



SCARBROUGH- 131 

The Entombing of Christ — Ludovico Caracci; 
The Finding of Moses — Don Diego Velasquez ^ 
Adoration of our Saviour by the Wise Men — - 
Mabuse; The Portrait of Snyders — Vandyck; 
Herodias with the Head of John the Baptist in a 
Charger — Rubens ; The Circumcision — Giovanni 
Bellani; Isaac going to be sacrificed — Rembrandt;: 
Saint John the Evangelist — Dominichino ; Por- 
trait of Omai — Sir Joshua Renyolds. 

The Park is enriched with several ornamental 
buildings, viz. : a beautiful Mausoleum, an Ionic 
Temple, a stately Obelisk, &c. 

A View of this Mansion from a drawing by 
J. Jackson, R. A. is published. 



APPENDIX. 



ARTISTS. 

Baynes, Mr. M., Jim., portrait and animal 
painter, has a small exhibition of pictures, and 
teaches Drawing. He resides on Palace-Hill. 

Carter, Mr. H.B., (late of London,) Exhibitor 
at the Royal Academy, British Institution &c. 
resides in Queen-street. He excels in Water- 
colour drawings of coast scenery, &c, and gives 
instruction in oil and water-colour painting. 
Works of art may be seen at any time, at his 
house. 

Hartley, Mr., Huntriss' Row, has been a re- 
spectable teacher of Drawing at Scarbrough for 
a great number of years. 

Harrison, Mr., a young Artist of considerable 




APPENDIX. 133 

ability in portrait painting. Specimens may be 
seen at his residence in Long-west-gate. 



CARRIERS. 

To Hull ; John Bell, Cross-Street ; starts on 
Mondays from Queen-street, and returns on 
Wednesdays. On Thursdays from Cross-street; 
and returns on Saturday mornings. 

To Whitby ; William Cooper ; starts on 
Thursday mornings, and returns on Saturdays. 

To York ; Michael Walker, Long-room-st.; 
starts on Mondays at noon, and returns on Wed- 
nesdays. Starts on Thursdays, and returns on 
Saturdays. 

Thomas Swaby, Queen-street; starts on 
Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday evenings at 
six o'clock. 

To Bridlington ; Robert Elliot; starts on 
Tuesdays and Fridays, at nine o'clock in the 
morning, from the Star Inn, King-street. 



134 APPENDIX. 

CARRIAGES, HORSES, GIGS, &c 

let for hire 

by Mr. Mark Dove, Tanner-street; Mr. Joseph 
Jackson, ditto ; Mr. Peacock, Queen-street ; Mr, 
R. Dove, Sand-side; Mr. T. Mosey, ditto; and 
Mr. Woods, Princess' Street. 

Ladies' and Gentlemen's Horses, &c., by the 
day or hour. 

Mr. Coulson, Long- room-street, has a neat 
Barouche for hire. 



COACHES. 

To Hull ; The Royal Mail leaves the Coach- 
office next the George Inn, Newbro'-street, every 
morning at ten, and returns to the Talbot Inn, 
Queen-street, at half-past three in the afternoon. 

The Wellington leaves the Royal Mail and 
General Coach-office, every morning (Sundays 
excepted,) at eight o'clock. 

To Whitby ; The Royal Union leaves the 
General Coach-office at five in the evening 



APPENDIX. 135 

To York ; The Royal Mail at one o'clock 
in the afternoon, from the General Coach-office, 
Newbrough-street. 

The Prince Blucher, at seven o'clock every 
morning (Sundays excepted) from the Coach- 
office, Newbro'-street, and returns to the Talbot 
Inn. 

The True Blue, at eight every morning (Sun- 
days excepted,) from the General Coach-office, 
and returns to the Bull and Bell, alternate 
weeks. 

The Regulator, leaves the Blacksmiths' Arms 
and London Inn, every morning (Sundays ex- 
cepted,) at ten o'clock. 



DANCING. 

Mr. Allan, of York, attends Miss Irvin's 
Academy every fortnight. 



HOTELS AND PRINCIPAL INNS. 

Reed's Hotel, Long-room-street ; Houson s 
Hotel, Without the Bar ; and Towers's Hotel, 
Huntriss' Row. The Bell Inn, Bland's Cliff; 
the Blacksmiths' Arms, and the Talbot, Queen- 



136 APPENDIX. 

street ; George Inn, New Inn, and London Inn, 
Ne wbro u gh-street. 

Most of the above are posting houses : besides 
these, there are several other inns of respectability. 



LODGINGS. 

The Cliff-lodgings, Belvoir Terrace, and the 
Crescent, hold the first place in point of situa- 
tion, style, and prospect: the houses of Mrs. 
Edmond, Mr. Hopper, and Mr. Webb, on Pros- 
pect-place ; the Marine-houses, at the foot of the 
News-room steps, the houses on the cliff ascend- 
ing these steps, and those on Brunswick-Ter- 
race, Albion-Place, and Vernon-Place, also boast 
their sea-prospects. They are in general clean, 
airy, and furnished in good style, The cliff 
houses, &c, are usually engaged by the week ; 
but there is a customary charge of twelve shil- 
lings per week, for each room, in different parts of 
the town. Linen is furnished, but for washing it, is 
an extra charge. Mrs. Blanchard, Mrs Coverley, 
Miss Robinson, and Mrs, Towers, in Huntriss' 
Row; Miss Banks and Mrs. Woodall, Merchants' 



APPENDIX. 137 

Row ; and Mr. Cooper, on the sands ; are 
directors of the Boarding-houses, and furnish a 
daily table for the accommodation of their re- 
spective Lodgers. Besides these, there are 
ordinaries at the different inns, from which, or 
from the boarding-houses, dinners are sent to all- 
parts of the town at varied rates, according to 
the articles ordered ; the lowest prioe being 2s. 

PHYSICIANS. 

Murray, Peter, Esq., Belle Vue, (Retired from 

general practice.) 
Kelk, John, Esq., Brunswick Terrace. 
Hulme, , Esq., Granby Place. 

SURGEONS AND GENERAL 
PRACTITIONERS. 

Travis, William, M.D., and Dunn, Mr., New- 

brough-street. 
Harland, William, M. D., and Easton, Mr. 

Alexander, Newbrough-street, 
Weddell, Mr. Thomas, and Hopper, Mr. George, 

Queen-street. 
Wilson, Mr. William, Newbrough-street. 
Rennison, Mr. Robert, and Cross, Mr., Cliff and 

Carr-street 



133 APPENDIX. 

TEACHERS OP MUSIC. 
Hartley, Mr., Huntriss' Row. 
Wilson, Mr. W., (Organist of St. Mary's and 

Christ Church,} Wellington Place. 
Crawford, Miss, (Organist of the Roman 

Catholic Chapel,) Cliff. 
Todd, Mr. C, R., Tanner-street. 
Peckett, Mr. A., Toller-gate. 

STEAM PACKETS. 

There are several Steam Packets which ply 
between London and Edinburgh, and which pass 
Scarbrough, three or four days in a week, where 
they take on board passengers for those places. 

Besides these Edinburgh Packets, are several 
smaller ones, which ply between Hull and New- 
castle, calling off Scarbro' (weather permitting). 

PIANO-FORTES 

are let by 

Hartley, Mr. 3, Huntriss' Row. 
Wilson, Mr. W., Wellington Place. 
Todd, Mr. C. R., 1, Tanner-street. 



SCARBROUGH. 139 

CHEMISTS AND DRUGGISTS. 

Champley. Mr J., 71, Newbrough-street. 

Fox, Mr. J. T., 52, ditto 

Ireland; Mr. G., 16, ditto. 

Porrett, Mr. G., 64, ditto. 

Rooke, Mr. C, Globe-street. 

Buckoll, Mr. W. C, 26, Huntriss' Row. 

Weigbtman, Mr. W. 20, Newbrough-street 



THE POST-OFFICE 

Is situated at No* 50, Newbrough Street. 

Arrivals. — From London and the south, 
and from York and the North generally at twenty 
minutes past twelve o'clock at noon : from Hull, 
and the south-east line, at half-past three in the 
afternoon. 

The Letter-Box is closed at ten minutes be- 
fore twelve o'clock at noon, the fee on late letters 
one penny until twenty minutes past twelve, and 
two-pence from that time until the despatch of 
the London and York Mail. 

Departures. — For Hull, at ten o'clock in 
the morning; and to London, York, Leeds, the 



140 APPENDIX. 

North and Western parts of the Kingdom, &c, 
at one o'clock in the day. 

The delivery of Letters from York, the West, 
the North, Ireland and Scotland, and from Lon- 
don, by York, an hour after the arrival of the 
York Mail ; those from Bridlington, Beverley, 
Driffield, Hull, Lincoln, Norfolk, &c. at half an 
hour after the arrival of the latter. 

WESLEYAN CENTENARY CHAPEL. 

This new Chapel was opened in the Summer 
of 1840, it is situated in the centre of Queen- 
Street, and will accommodate 2000 persons. — 
For times of meeting, see page 27. 

ST. THOMAS'S CHAPEL. 

This Chapel is situated in East-sand-gate, 
and will accommodate about 600 persons. 
Service is performed on the morning and evening 
of Sabbath Day by either the Vicar or one of his 
Curates. 

SCARBROUGH : PRINTED BY C. R. TODD. 



INDEX. 

PAGE. 

Sketch of the History of Scarbrough, . • . . 3 

Castle, 7 

Convents, Churches, Chapels, &c, . . . . 16 

St. Mary's Church, 17 

Christ Church, 22 

Independent Chapel ; or, Old Meeting House, 24 

Baptists' Chapel, 25 

Wesleyan Methodist Chapel, 140 

Friends' Meeting-House, 27 

Roman Catholic Chapel, 27 

Primitive Methodist Chapel, 28 

Tabernacle, .. 28 

Bethel, f, ., 29 

Charitable Institutions, &c, .. .. .. 31 

Amicable Society, 32 

Lancasterian Schools, . . . . • • 33 

Infant Schools, , . 34 

National Schools, ,, %b 9 



TAGE. 

^Seamen's Hospital, ... -. ... .. ib. 

Sea-Bathing Infirmary, . . . . . . 35 

Humane Society, . . . . . . ... 36 

Life Boat, . . 37 

Corporation, &c, . . .. .. .. .. ib. 

Trade, ... .. .. ... ., .. 39 

Places conducive to Health, Instruction, and Amusement. 

Scarbrough Cliff Bridge, 41 

The Spa, 46 

• Mineral Waters, . . . . . . . . 50 

Museum, . . . . 64 

The Museum of W. Bean, Esq., < . . . 67 

Theatre, .. 68 

Town-Hall, 69 

Travis's Baths, .. 70 

Harland's ditto, .- 71 

Warm and Shower Baths, near the Pier, . . 72 

Champley's Baths, .. ib. 

Vickerman's ditto, 73 

Town News-Room and Library, . . . . ib. 

Circulating Libraries, .. .. <• 74 

Shops, c .. .. 75 

Customs, e &* 



PAGE. 

^Bathing, .. .. 76 

Amusements, . . 73 

Walks in the Immediate Vicinity of Scarbrough, . . 86 

Quaker's Retreat, . . .. 87 

Carnelian Bay, . . .. .-. .. 88 

Dayton-Cliff Mill, .. .. .. .... 89 

Oliver's Mount, . . .... ... . . ib. 

Mere Tea Gardens, .. .. .. .„ 91 

Elevated Walk on the South Cliff, ... ... 92 

Barrow-Cliff Plantation, ... .. .. ib. 

Mr. Dunwell's, late Pearson's Public Gardens, 

Falsgrave, . . * . . . . . 93 

Brunswick-Crescent, . . . . . . . . 95 

Hunting, Shooting, Coursing, Fishing, &c, . . ib. 

Antiquities, ..... .. .. .. .. ... 97 

Fish brought to Scarbrough Market, . . . . 98 

Markets, .. .. ib. 

Truit, ... ... 99 

The Environs of Scarbrough. 

Hackness, 100 

Scalby, ... .. .. .. .. 106 

Newby, ,.108 

Scalby Mill, .. .. .. M .. 1CS 



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